Chart 6 Educational Attainment Number of Persons 45 40.9 40 35 30 25.7 25 18.7 20 14.7 15 10 5 0 Less than High School High School Some College B.A. or Higher Source: CMS calculations based on 2013-2017 5 Year PUMS data Given the immense barriers to socio-economic attainment of persons who are potentially stateless or potentially at risk of statelessness, it comes as little surprise that they participate in the labor force at relatively low rates and are more likely to be unemployed than the overall population. About 58.7 percent of the population that is potentially stateless or potentially at risk of statelessness, aged 16 or over, participates in the labor force, compared to 63.3 of those neither potentially stateless nor potentially at risk of statelessness, age 16 older.58 Of those in the labor force, 90.6 percent are employed and 9.4 percent unemployed, compared to 6.5 percent among the remainder of the population over 16 years of age.59 Of those employed, 6.3 percent are self-employed, as compared to 10.4 percent of the remainder of the employed population over 16 years old.60 58 These differences are significant at the 99 percent level, as indicated by adjusted Wald tests carried out on weighted ACS data. 59 These differences are significant at the 99 percent level, as indicated by adjusted Wald tests carried out on weighted ACS data. These unemployment rates were calculated on the basis of 2013-2017 5-Year ACS data (US Census Bureau 2019b). This figure is not equivalent to the unemployment rate published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. 60 These differences are significant at the 99 percent level, as indicated by adjusted Wald tests carried out on weighted ACS data. 57