INTRODUCTION | 9 “Those who do not have money return because they have no other option. They will live exactly how we live. I have 5 children and we live in this basement room. We eat, drink and sleep here.” ©NRC/Tom Peyre-Costa RESEARCH METHODOLOGY NRC, in partnership with IRC and DRC conducted the first mixed methods study on civil documentation and access to services in Iraq. The research was conducted in Anbar, Ninewa, and Salah Al-Din governorates. Six focus group discussions (FGDs) in each governorate (three for male and three for female participants), totaling 18 across all three governorates were conducted. This was complemented by five key informant interviews (KIIs) with local authorities, line ministries, business owners, and education officials in each governorate. A quantitative survey was conducted over the phone with 1400 Iraqis, including internally displaced persons (IDPs), returnees , and those who never left. In order to compare the experiences of Iraqis missing ID and those who are not, a purposive sampling approach, using household data from each organisation’s legal assistance programming, was used to conduct surveys among those missing ID, combined with simple random sampling of those not missing ID from CCI household vulnerability assessments. Three samples representing those missing documentation, missing but subsequently recovered documentation, and who had never been missing documentation were compiled. The confidence interval of 90% with a 7% margin of error at the governorate level, which increases to a higher level of precision at the national level.