BOOK REVIEW
FULLY HUMAN: PERSONHOOD, CITIZENSHIP, AND
RIGHTS BY LINDSEY N KINGSTON (OXFORD
UNIVERSITY PRESS) 312 PAGES. PRICE £41.99 ISBN
9780190918262
BARBARA VON RÜTTE *
A couple of months ago, I learned about the story of a person applying for
statelessness determination in Switzerland that left me puzzled. The case
concerned a man who was born in North America within an indigenous
community. After having lost his indigenous nationality due to personal
circumstances, he was not able to establish Canadian or United States nationality
despite having many connections to both states. As he once travelled to
Switzerland, he wanted to apply for statelessness determination there. The case
resonated with me. How was it possible that this man was stateless even though
he was born in the US or Canada — both states that know a strong jus soli? Could
he be stateless despite having indigenous nationality? How come the European
Union qualifies passports from indigenous nations as a ‘fantasy passports’, on an
equal rank with documents issued by sects, private organisations or individuals? 1
How does such an indigenous nationality fit within the international system of
legal nationality? And how are the rights of this man protected?
I found answers to some of my questions while reading Lindsey N Kingston’s
insightful new book Fully Human: Personhood, Citizenship, and Rights. 2 In her
book, Kingston analyses existing hierarchies of personhood, which render some
people more worthy of protection and membership than others. She highlights
examples of various marginalised groups that are relegated to different levels on
*
1
2
The author is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Max-Planck Institute for the Study of
Religious and Ethnic Diversity, Department of Ethics, Law and Politics, Göttingen.
vonruette@mmg.mpg.de.
Council of the European Union, Information Concerning the Non-Exhaustive List of Known
Fantasy and Camouflage Passports, as Stipulated by Article 6 of the Decision No
1105/2011/EU (Policy List) <https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/sites/homeaffairs/files/whatwe-do/policies/borders-and-visas/documentsecurity/docs/list_of_known_fantasy_and_camouflage_passports_en.pdf>. On the list of
travel documents that entitle the holder to cross the external borders and may be endorsed
with a visa and on setting up a mechanism for establishing this list, see Public Register of
Authentic Travel and Identity Documents Online, List of Travel Documents Which Entitle the
Holder to Cross the External Borders and Which May Be Endorsed with a Visa (Policy List)
Part I (‘Travel Documents Issued by third Countries and Territorial Entities’), Part II (‘Travel
Documents Issued by Member States and Schengen Associated States’), Part III (‘Travel
Documents Issued by International Organisations and Other Entities Subject to International
Law’) <consilium.europa.eu/prado/en/prado-recognised-documents.html>.
Lindsey N Kingston, Fully Human: Personhood, Citizenship, and Rights (Oxford University
Press 2019).