law. Palestinian residents of East Jerusalem have experienced ongoing discriminatory and punitive denial of access to services since the annexation. In 1999, only 10 percent of the Jerusalem municipal budget was allocated to Palestinian neighborhoods, even though they represent more than one third of the total population.286 This type of deprivation has continued until today and can be seen through the denial of education, water and sewage, waste management, as well as social, medical, and other services. Over 43 percent of Palestinians in Jerusalem are severed from the city by the Annexation and Separation Wall and suffer the worst cases of denial of access to services.287 Although these 140,000 Palestinians residing in Kafr Aqab, Shu’fat refugee camp, Dahiyat as-Salam (neighborhood of Anata), Ras Shehadeh, Abu Dis, and Ras Khamis have Jerusalem IDs and pay taxes to the municipality, their communities have been the most affected. There, as in other places in East Jerusalem, denial of access to services results in deplorable living conditions with little chance of improvement.288 Of all Palestinians living within the municipal boundaries of Jerusalem behind the Wall, only 300 households are connected to the Israeli Hagihon [Jerusalem’s water and wastewater company] water network, despite paying for its services.289 While the WHO determined the minimal consumption of water per capita for minimum health and hygiene levels to be 36.5 m3 per year, residents in these neighborhoods are provided with only 20 m3. The Israeli Water Authority and the Ministry of National Infrastructure refuse to install additional water pipes.290 For several weeks, beginning in March 2014, nearly all homes in Shu’fat refugee camp and the three neighborhoods surrounding it were disconnected from the municipal water circuit completely.291 Today, due to the municipality’s refusal to plan more, the water lines in Shu’fat [camp], Ras Khamis, Ras Shehadeh, and Dahiyat as-Salam are only sufficient 286 B’tselem, “Neglect of Infrastructure and Services in Palestinian Neighborhoods,” 1 January 2011, available at: http://www.btselem.org/jerusalem/infrastructure_and_services [hereinafter B’tselem, “Neglect of Infrastructure”]. 287 Association for Civil Rights in Israel (ACRI), East Jerusalem: Facts and Figures 2017, 21 May 2017, 1, available at: http://www.acri.org.il/en/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Facts-and-Figures-2017-1.pdf [hereinafter ACRI, East Jerusalem]. 288 Edo Konrad, “Let’s not forget that East Jerusalem Palestinians are stateless,” +972 Magazine, 16 October 2015, available at: https://972mag.com/lets-not-forget-that-east-jerusalem-palestiniansare-stateless/112840/ 289 ACRI, East Jerusalem, 11, supra note 287. 290 ACRI, East Jerusalem 2015: Facts and Figures, 12 May 2015, 11, http://www.acri.org.il/en/wpcontent/uploads/2015/05/EJ-Facts-and-Figures-2015.pdf [hereinafter, ACRI, East Jerusalem 2015]. 291 Gianluca Mezzofiore, “Fenced-in East Jerusalem Arab Neighbourhoods Left Without Running Water,” International Business Times, 8 April 2014, available at: http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/fenced-eastjerusalem-arab-neighbourhoods-left-without-running-water-1443928 78