to function within the purview of Constitution and
statutes. In case the Commission is to be viewed
above the law and Constitution, then it would be
useless to say that Constitutionalism and rule of
law prevails in Nepal. As such, the prohibition
imposed by Section 25 of the Electoral Rolls Act,
2006 that the actions carried out by the Election
Commission as regard to the collection of Electoral
Rolls are shall not be the subject of judicial review
also seems to be unconstitutional. Therefore, the
provisions of Section 11(1), (2), (3) of Electoral Rolls
Act, 2006 enabling the registration of names into the
Electoral Rolls also on the basis of land ownership
certificate, etc. apart from citizenship certificate as
well as the provision of Section 25 of the same Act
is inconsistent with the Constitution, therefore, an
order has to be issued as requested by the petitioner.
The synopsis of the argument presented by learned
advocates Mr. Ratneshwor Prasad Sharma, Mr.
Mithilesh Kumar Singh, Mr. Sita Ram Agrawal,
Mr. Jagannath Mahato Singh, Mr. Raman Kumar
Karna and Mr. Pankaj Kumar Karna on behalf of
the concerned party Madhesi Lawyer’s Association
obtaining the permission of the Court pursuant to
the Rule 42(2) of the Supreme Court Rules, 1992, is
as follows:
Section 5 of the Electoral Rolls Act, 2006, while
determining the qualification of a voter has required
that he or she should be a Nepali citizen. It has
not mandatorily sought for Nepali citizenship
certificate. As this provision of Act is consistent
with the letter and spirit of Article 8 of the Interim
Constitution of Nepal, 2007, the overall arrangement
of Section 11 of the Electoral Rolls Act, 2006 is
Constitutional. A citizen is a citizen whether or
not he/she has obtained citizenship certificate. The
State and all citizens have to be aware that an alien
or foreigner should not participate in the electoral
process of Nepal. However, denying someone from
the right to vote only on the ground that he/she
has not obtained citizenship certificate shall be
contrary to the Constitution. Nobody can dispute
the fact that a foreigner should be allowed to vote.
But everyone has to be sensitive enough on the
fact that a genuine Nepali citizen should not be
deprived from the right to vote. Section 11 of the
Electoral Rolls Act, 2006 has not overlooked the
significance of a citizenship certificate. It has only
ensured the voting rights of those who are yet to
obtain citizenship certificates by verifying them
through alternative evidence. As such the provision
of Section 11 of the Electoral Rolls Act, 2006, which
has permitted for admissibility of proof such as land
ownership certificate and recommendation of local
bodies for the purpose of registering the name in
the Electoral Roll after duly verifying that he or she
is a Nepali citizen, is Constitutional. This writ has
been filed without sufficient study the Constitution
and relevant laws. It has also been claimed that
the provision of Act inconsistent with Article 46 of
the Interim Constitution which has already been
repealed by 5th amendment to the Constitution. The
writ petition has failed to categorically state which
provision of the Act has been inconsistent with the
constitution. The Court cannot conduct judicial
review of the Act on the basis of an ambiguous claim
made without a specification that the provision of
Act is inconsistent with the Preamble, and Articles
1,2,8,9,10,63,65 and 129. Hence, the writ petition
has to be quashed.
The synopsis of arguments furnished by learned
Joint Government Attorney Mr. Yuba Raj Subedi on
behalf of the respondent Government of Nepal and
learned Deputy Government Attorney Mr. Bharat
Mani Khanal representing the Election Commission
is as follows:
Article 8 of the Interim Constitution of Nepal,
2007 has provided that the persons eligible to
acquire Nepali citizenship certificate shall also
be the Citizen Nepal. Hence, the legislature has
made the provision of Section 11 of the Electoral
Rolls Act, 2006 to ensure the right to vote even
to the Nepali citizens who have not yet obtained
citizenship certificates. Therefore, this provision
cannot be termed as being inconsistent with the
Constitution. The provision of Section 11 has
neither denied nor disregarded the importance of
citizenship certificate. That legal provision made
for enabling to ask for corroborating evidence
like land ownership certificate for the purpose of
including the name in the Electoral Rolls of the
person who has not obtained citizenship certificate
after making verification of whether a concerned
person is eligible for obtaining citizenship certificate
is constitutional. The restriction imposed by Section
25 of the Electoral Rolls Act, 2006 that no question
may be raised in any court as regards the Electoral
Rolls prepared by the Election Commission is also
not inconsistent with the Interim Constitution
of Nepal, 2007. This fact has been settled by the
Special Bench in the writ petition (2067-WS-0019)
involving writ petitioner Sunil Ranjan Singh Vs
Election Commission. Hence, the provision except
the ‘citizenship certificate’ of Section 11(1) of
Electoral Rolls Act, 2006, the provisions of Section
11 (2,3) and 25 of the same Act are not inconsistent
with the Constitution and since the decision of
Election Commission on 2nd November, 2010 are
Constitutional in themselves, therefore, the writ
petition has to be quashed.
After obtaining permission of the Court as per
Rule 42(2) of the Supreme Court Rules, 1992, the
concerned parties and learned advocates Mr.
Prakash Mani Sharma and Ms. Kabita Pandey
33
Compilation of Selected Decisions of Supreme Court on
CITIZENSHIP and BIRTH REGISTRATION
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