대한민국 내 무국적 현황
鮳 떇鯏띃 髰떄ꥻ쏘듻 닇ꅜ덓騏ꅇ ꅜ듿싛騏 먛됳싛덯닿 싟ꁧ (UNHCR, 2012d).
뫟魿 UNHCR듷 ꦟ쇟싟 ꢷ髰떄 쎇쏬 뗳긯덓 骃싟 ꩷驣꺟ꀗ ꢷ髰떄딓 쎼듃 긯끧깄 ꢷ髰떄딓돃ꀗ ꩇ馟듛
‘魃쏛듷 ꬋ馃ꀨ싟 딓(the unreturnable)’듛 馟黓듇 댻鮌싟ꁧ. 뎄髰덓 骃싟 ꩷驣꺟ꀗ ‘뎄髰 듷ꨘ듛 떄됬듇
ꦞ뒿鸛, 댷ꌣ싟 髰馃ꗟꅇ 魃쏛싛駳鸛 꼤쏛ꆣ 꾛 덉ꀗ 딓[ꗟ꺟] … 뎄髰 鸷덓 ꞻꢿ 鬏ꜯ馃 덉뒿ꟳ 髰떄髰 쎼
듃 똈떇듛 깄뙿髰뒿ꗟ듛 묟딈듇 썋馃ꦞ띃 싛뎃ꁧꀗ 쀼꺴듇 驸뒣’싛ꀗ 딓 셯싫끟븧ꟳ 듷ꉧ듇 ‘魃髰ꬋ
馃딓’ꗟ ꠈꠈ싛뎃ꁧ (UNHCR/Asylum Aid 2011: 14). 듷ꕯ싟 馟馟듻듛 깄쏬듃 ꦬ믛ꆟꁧꟷ 쌨쑇 ꢷ髰떄뒿
ꗟ 듷댷띋 꾛 딋ꁧ. 麧ꃟꔃꉟ덓 骃싟 ꩷驣꺟 ꎓ싟 ‘魃쏛듷 ꬋ馃ꀨ싟 딓’꓿ꀗ 됬댷 ‘ꩻ듻듛 ꠈ끟떄듻 듛쌨
쎼듃 꾛됬髰듛 끟ꅇ덓ꅇ ꬋ髯싛驣, 髰떄髰뒿ꗟ 魃쏛싣 (쎼듃 꼤쏛ꆣ) 꾛 덉駳鸛, 쎇딯 꾛됬髰덓 駳뙿싣 ꨘ
떄듻 鬏ꜯ馃 덉ꀗ 딓’듛 듛ꥻꗟ 긯됬싛뎃ꁧ (UNHCR, 2011b: 6). 듿ꬃ 魃쏛싣 꾛 덉ꀗ 딓ꀗ 髰떄髰듛 둓뗳
쎼듃 쎔뗳馃 덉댷 魃쏛싛띃 싟ꁧ (UNHCR, 2011b). '魃쏛싣 꾛 덉ꀗ 딓’듛 됬댷ꀗ ꢷ髰떄듷 ꆣ 뒇썛덓 먛
싟 듻髯 삏니싣 ꋏ 뒣됬싛鸛, ꩻ 덳髯덓꺟ꀗ 싟髰듛 Ꝩꔀ덓꺟 魃쏛싣 꾛 덉ꁧ驣 뙿딨싛駳鸛 魃쏛싣 꾛
덉ꁧ驣 덯騫띃ꀗ 鸟, ꯇ쎻끣먰딓 ꦒ ꥻꉴꗠ듷뙿 ꉴ 덯빃 듻髯돃듛 쎿ꅜ듇 슿싛鮳 뒇싷 싷ꁼ 됬댷듛 긯
됬듇 슿싛뎃ꁧ.
뫟魿 UNHCR듃 뼸驇 딓ꙏ 꾛띔덓꺟 ‘髰떄ꥻ쏘듻딓’ 됬댷 긯됬싣 騆듇 鬏驣싛뎃ꁧ. 듷ꀗ ꢷ髰떄듷 ꆣ 뒇
썛덓 먛싛뎃뒿鸛 ꢷ髰떄듷꓿ꀗ 쏘끧싟 뜠駳ꀗ ꬃ딯싟 딓 馃ꜯ븧ꀗ 싛뒇 ꨗ뙿듷ꁧ. 싷ꁼ 됬댷덓 ꂃ싟 ꨘ
떄 떘듛ꀗ 덉뒿鸛, UNHCR듃 ꁧ듏驿 馜듃 떘듛 떟닋싛뎃ꁧ.
“싟 긯ꔏ듷 髰떄ꥻ쏘듻딓꓿ꀗ 삓ꁫ듃 ꁧ듏 긯끧듇 쏘듻싛ꀗ 끯긯 뼸싷 鸷ꜷ 꾛 딋ꁧ: 댷ꌣ싟 髰떄ꅇ
꩷뒣싟ꁧꀗ 뜠駳馃 덉ꁧ; 魻ꜯ驣 A) (묟깠, 쎋뼸, 쎿듻 쎼듃 깄뙿 ꉴ듇 鮳ꦛ뒿ꗟ) 1 馟 듷깄듛 髰馃돃 뒣ꂃ骃驇
Ᵹ驣 딋駳鸛 쎼듃; B) 駳뙿髰듛 떘ꬃ鮳骃듷 ꁼ긯딓馃 빃髰驿 魻ꕯ싟 뒣ꂃ骃驇 Ᵹ驣 딋ꁧ驣 듻끠ꆛ駳鸛
ꂃ됳ꦞꀗꁧ.” (UNHCR, 2021: 56)
묗馃떄뒿ꗟ UNHCR듃 ‘ꢷ髰떄듷 ꆣ 뒇썛덓 먛싟 딓(persons at risk of stateless)’꓿ꀗ 됬댷ꀗ 魻 떘듛馃 ꬋ
ꠈ싛鮳 ꋏꢻ덓 댔떄 덳髯덓꺟 긯됬싛띃 닍듇 騆듇 鬏驣싛뎃ꁧ. 듷 馟黓덓 ꂃ싛덯 髰떟떄뒿ꗟ 심듛ꆟ ꨘ
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