foundlings and children born to stateless parents. Without such provisions, children who are denied the right to nationality at birth do not have legal pathways to be granted citizenship in the future. Citizenship stripping Citizenship stripping, or deprivation of nationality, are both used interchangeably to describe situations where the withdrawal of citizenship is initiated by the authorities of the State leading to statelessness.28 It is an extreme measure facilitated variously and cumulatively by legislative measures, administrative means, policy decisions and institutional practices at the national level in multiple countries.29 Citizenship deprivation can occur at time of state succession or independence as well as a punitive measure as a contemporary form of “banishment”. Rohingya Project BACKGROUND proving ones identity and citizenship — including place of birth and parentage — and a lack of birth registration can lead to statelessness.31 However, one is not to presume that merely because a country has high rates of birth registration would automatically signify low rates of statelessness as birth registration alone does not equate to citizenship in many states. While this report includes a lack of birth registration as a cause of statelessness more research and analysis is needed in this area. Stakeholders Identified Stakeholders, covering both civil society and academics were identified to be gathered from three key groups: Former SNAP members Statelessness and climate change This risk of statelessness from “disappearing states” impacted by climate-induced sea level rise currently remains a hypothetical question, with most experts agreeing that this scenario will not inevitably lead to statelessness. Before any states “disappear”, the impacts of relocation and an increase in displacement on communities and individual’s nationality status will need to be faced.30 It is this climate-induced displacement across borders rather than the “disappearance” of islands that poses the greatest risk of statelessness in the future and that is examined in this report. Administrative barriers Administrative barriers, including improper and non-implementation of laws across regions can result in procedural hurdles in accessing or proving nationality, and in the most extreme cases statelessness. Birth registration The relationship between birth registration and statelessness can be complex. In some countries, birth registration functions as a prerequisite for 12 STATELESSNESS ENCYCLOPEDIA ASIA PACIFIC Across the Asia Pacific there were over 200 individuals who were former SNAP members. For the region, as well as each sub-region a count was produced for the total number of relevant members and more detailed information was provided on the active SNAP members for the relevant geographical area. Current NFA partners Since transitioning from SNAP to NFA the organization has changed from a network to partnership structure. Organizations currently partnering with NFA were to identified and included within the relevant geographical area. Currently, NFA has seven partner organizations. Other identified organizations and advocates Throughout the desk research that informed this report a number of other organizations, including organizations led by or comprising of persons with lived experience of statelessness were identified. Where relevant and notable, these organizations, individuals and networks are included in the report.