cumulative time spent in administrative detention counts towards the maximum time limit. X. Provide detainees with free legal assistance so they may be represented in procedures and challenge all decisions related to their expulsion from the country, release from the CTDFN, or, in the case of release without the termination of administrative prosecution, until the end of the administrative case. XI. Grant legal stay and work rights to all persons who are released from CTFDNs without being removed. In the case of stateless persons, grant them legal stay, documentation and rights in line with the 1954 Convention, including a facilitated route to Russian nationality. Provide all such persons with free legal assistance to assist with the regularisation of their stay. XII. Prohibit the detention of pregnant women, the mothers of young children, the elderly, sick people, and disabled people in accordance with the norms of administrative detention established by the RF Code of Administrative Offenses. XIII. Where it is exceptionally necessary to detain women in administrative detention centres (CTDFNs), conditions must comply with international norms and standards including at a minimum through the provision of gender segregated facilities with appropriate gender ratio in staff, gender training for staff, lockable toilet and sleeping facilities, access to feminine hygiene products, gender segregated leisure and dining areas, and access to specialist healthcare, counselling and support services for survivors of sexual and gender based violence. XIV. Prohibit the practices of removing children in the process of administrative proceedings, separating families, and expelling children separately from their parents. Children, including those over the age of 16 should not be separated from their parents and placed in remand centres or orphanages. XV. Prohibit the practice of separating stateless children from their parents, granting the children Russian nationality and placing them in orphanages, while deportation proceedings are carried out against the parents, ensuring that at all times and in all decisions the best interests of the child principle is paramount, in line with Russia’s obligations under the Convention on the Rights of the Child. XVI. Reform conventions and intergovernmental agreements related to migrant children removed to the country of origin, such as the Kishinev Agreement in the framework of CIS. According to the principle of family unity, migrant and stateless children should not be separated from their parents or guardians and placed in special institutions, unless it is in the best interests of the child to do so (due to a threat to the child’s safety). XVII. Ensure that those who have served criminal convictions have access to citizenship, and ensure that they are not deemed “unwanted” and arbitrarily detained, with no prospect of removal. XVIII. Provide guarantees for public control over the CTDFNs, including visits by public monitoring commissions, UN agencies, NGOs and other interested persons (including relatives, friends, journalists, volunteers, human rights defenders, ombudspersons, lawyers, and attorneys). XIX. Improve detention conditions in CTDFNs. Specifically, end the practice of the arbitrary application of punishment for breaches of discipline; ensure that detainees have a connection with the outside world; bar solitary confinement; arrange for high-quality and expeditious medical care; set up stores that detainees can use; allow the unobstructed use of toilets, shower and laundry rooms; improve nutrition; create the opportunity for education and leisure activities; ensure appropriate gender segregation and balanced gender ratios in staff and guards in mixed facilities. 11