the individual citizen, specifically in relation to their inalienable human rights, including that of self-determination. Though the first motivation has commonly prompted individual states and international community to respond,13 the second, tragically, has all too often failed to garner the same response. The mere presence, therefore, of appropriate legal mechanisms is, in itself, insufficient to tackle the long-recognized humanitarian catastrophe of forced population transfer. Instead, what is required is that these mechanisms be coupled with the necessary political will to ensure that they are deployed consistently, not just for the benefit of states within a politicized framework of international relations, but in the protection of the fundamental human rights of vulnerable communities. 13 For example: the Falkland War, First Gulf War, Russian Annexation of the Crimea. 8