INTRODUCTION . 15 Since 2009, UNRWA has implemented a multi-sectoral programme to address GBV and has established referral systems to identify and refer GBV survivors to access a range of services. In 2015, UNRWA started the Building Safety programme supported by the United States Government that works to strengthen UNRWA’s organisational capacity to respond, mitigate and prevent GBV in emergencies. UNRWA’s internal guidance, the Tool for Incorporating Minimum Standards on Protection into UNRWA Programming and Service Delivery, sets out standards that constitute an essential part of UNRWA protection mainstreaming. These standards include the requirement that UNRWA programmes deliver services in a manner that ensures the safety and dignity of beneficiaries and staff, and that UNRWA ensure its actions do not cause unintended harm or result in reduced protection of beneficiaries, communities or staff. At the field level, regular analysis of the degree of alignment with UNRWA protection standards is a key indicator for monitoring progress on protection mainstreaming. UNRWA’s Child Protection Policy (2016) outlines the Agency’s intent and commitment to protect Palestine refugee children and provides a coherent approach to the diverse child protection activities being undertaken by programme departments and field offices. UNRWA is addressing SEA in its programmes. For example, it is addressing SEA in education by deepening protection from violence and sexual harassment and exploitation of boys and girls through capacity building of teachers and other education staff, and improving and systematising the child protection referral system. The Agency has also worked to embed GBV response in its programmes through the Building Safety project aimed at increasing staff ability to respond to GBV and by raising awareness and changing staff perceptions of the acceptability of GBV. However, the Agency acknowledges that resistance to addressing GBV (including SEA) continues to be one of the main challenges in developing UNRWA’s response to GBV and that changing attitudes of staff towards GBV is a long-term process. 1.3. THE ASSESSMENT PROCESS Assessment framework This MOPAN 3.0 assessment covers the initial period of the UNRWA Medium Term Strategy 2016 -21. In line with guidelines set out in the MOPAN 3.0 Methodology, which can be found on MOPAN’s website, it addresses organisational systems, practices and behaviours, as well as results achieved. The assessment focuses on five performance areas. The first four relate to organisational effectiveness, and each has two key performance indicators (KPIs). The fifth performance area (results), relating to development and humanitarian effectiveness, consists of four KPIs. The MOPAN 3.0 indicator framework was developed by MOPAN’s Technical Working Group, and draws on international standards and reference points, as described in Annex C of the Methodology Manual.