DESK REVIEW ON POPULATIONS AT RISK OF STATELESSNESS Procedures relating to residence of foreigners in Japan are stipulated by the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act (ICRRA) and are under the jurisdiction of the Immigration Bureau of the Ministry of Justice. Individual applications are handled by eight Regional Immigration Bureaus under the command of the Central Immigration Bureau.219 Article 2-2 of ICRRA requires that a Foreign National is to reside in Japan under a “status of residence” associated with the permission for landing, another status acquired, or under the status following a change to either of these. There are a number of specific categories for such “status of residence” with associated limitations on each, and an associated period of validity.220 For purposes of this study the two most important are “Child / Spouse of Japanese National”221 for second generation Nikkeijin, and “Long-Term Resident”222 for third and fourth generation Nikkeijin. PJD can apply for these visas which both allow for entry and residence in Japan and work rights without limitation. 2nd Generation (nissei) “Child of Japanese National” Visa 3rd Generation (sansei) “Long-term Resident” Visa 4th Generation (yonsei) “Long-term Resident” Visa Eligibility Child of a Japanese national Grandchild of a Japanese national Great grandchild of Japanese national between the age of 18-30, with basic Japanese at the time of entry, at least at the Japanese-Language Proficiency Test N4 level Rights • Right to enter, reside, work • Can apply for Permanent Residence after 1 year in Japan under a visa with at least 3 years validity • Right to enter, reside, work • Can apply for Permanent Residence after 5 years in Japan under a visa with at least 3 years validity • Right to enter, reside, work • Can apply for Permanent Residence after 5 years in Japan under a visa with at least 3 years validity 223 Requirements • Must identify family’s Koseki* • Certificate of Eligibility • Visa application and supplementary material • Must identify family’s Koseki* • Certificate of Eligibility • Visa Application and Supplementary materials • Must identify family’s Koseki* • Certificate of Eligibility • Visa application and supplementary materials *Koseki Tohon of the 1st or 2nd Generation 219 Ministry of Justice of Japan 2020 [brochure], available at: http://www.moj.go.jp/content/001318607.pdf. For a general list of visa categories see: https://www.mofa.go.jp/j_info/visit/visa/long/index.html. For visa categories and associated applications from the Philippines, see the Visa/Consular Services Section of the Embassy of Japan in the Philippines, at: https://www.ph.emb-japan.go.jp/itpr_en/00_000035.html. 220 For the period of stay and necessary documents required for issuing this kind of visa see: https://www.mofa.go.jp/j_info/visit/ visa/long/visa10.html. For instructions specific to Philippine Nikkeijin, see the Embassy of Japan in the Philippines website, at: https://www.ph.emb-japan.go.jp/files/000232593.pdf. 221 For the period of stay and necessary documents required for issuing this kind of visa see: https://www.mofa.go.jp/j_info/visit/ visa/long/visa12.html. For instructions specific to Philippine Nikkeijin, see the Embassy of Japan in the Philippines website, at: https://www.ph.emb-japan.go.jp/files/000232593.pdf. 222 In cases where the 1st generation’s koseki was not located, but the 2nd generation is Category A (Acquired Japanese national), these conditions may not apply. 223 UNHCR / April 2021 73