DESK REVIEW ON POPULATIONS AT RISK OF STATELESSNESS been available for undocumented children.162 Although, Saudi Arabia still requires an exit visa before a migrant worker is permitted to leave the country (this is not the case in Kuwait or the UAE). Article 5 sets out the responsibilities of the Philippines. Both countries are required to verify all employment contracts. Importantly, Article 6 established a “Joint Committee” with representatives of senior officials of both parties to conduct periodic review, assessment, and monitoring, and to resolve disputes arising from implementation and interpretation of the agreement. The agreement was effective for five years and was renewed in 2018.163 B.5. United Arab Emirates B.5.a. General Background There are approximately 700,000 Filipinos in Dubai and in the Emirates, around 300,000 OFs in Abu Dhabi alone.164 Most OFs immigrate for employment, but some have also married and settled with their families. According to a survey produced in 2016, there are approximately 30,000 undocumented Filipinos in Dubai and the Northern Emirates.165 B.5.b. Citizenship Emirati citizenship is conferred primarily on the basis of the jus sanguinis principle from the father, with exceptions for foundlings. Women can also confer nationality where fatherhood is unsubstantiated, or the father is unknown or stateless. Article 8 of the UAE Constitution166 provides that the Union shall have a single nationality which shall be prescribed by law, and that, “No citizen of the Union may be deprived of his nationality nor may his nationality be withdrawn save in exceptional circumstances which shall be defined by Law.” Citizenship is prescribed in “Federal Law No (17) for 1972 “The Condition of Overseas Filipino Workers in Saudi Arabia,” Final Report of the Investigating Mission of the Committee on Overseas Workers’ Affairs (COWA) to Saudi Arabia, 9-13 January 2011. 162 Agreement on Domestic Worker Recruitment Between the Ministry of Labor of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and The Department of Labor and Employment of the Republic of the Philippines, 19 May 2013. 163 Philippine Statistics Authority, Statistical Tables, TABLE 3 Distribution of Overseas Filipino Workers by Region of Origin and Place of Work Abroad: 2019, 4 June 2020, available at: https://psa.gov.ph/statistics/survey/labor-and-employment/surveyoverseas-filipinos/table. 164 According to the Assessment on Documented and Undocumented Children provided by the DSWD, there are a total of 9,005 undocumented children from 2018 to November 2020 (474 or 5% of these children are from Dubai). It should be noted, however, that these figures are from foreign Posts of Malaysia, Hong Kong, Riyadh, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Dubai, and Kuwait where the DSWD Social Welfare Attachés have been deployed. Undocumented children have been identified by DSWD as those “born out of non-marital relationships and victims of trafficking where their births are simulated or in other individual’s custody. There are also abandoned, neglected, sexually or physically abused children whose parents are either in jail or have problems on their immigration status which results to registration difficulties.” To address this, the Social Welfare Attachés have “continuously provided assistance to parents of undocumented by obtaining their Report of Birth before their repatriation.” For more information, see Annex A. 165 166 UNHCR / April 2021 Constitution of the United Arab Emirates, available at: https://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/en/ae/ae030en. 53