57. As statelessness is often a result of discrimination, efforts to promote economic and social integration may also be necessary for solutions. UNHCR therefore sometimes needs to undertake advocacy for integration of stateless persons in development programmes carried out by other UN agencies, the State, multilateral and national development agencies, or (37) NGOs. UNHCR may also provide time-bound, targeted support to the implementation of integration programmes. Advocacy efforts may even be required after formal acquisition of a nationality and relevant identity documents, as social exclusion and discrimination resulting from statelessness may persist. 58. In specific settings, UNHCR may also provide assistance to stateless persons to enable them to enjoy basic human (38) rights, including rights to housing, education and health. When doing so, UNHCR needs to ensure equal enjoyment of rights regardless of sex, age and background, using a participatory, rights-based and community-based approach. The factors which need to be taken into account when contemplating such interventions include (1) the extent to which their situation meets international standards; (2) existing national capacity; (3) the broader protection benefits for the population expected from such action and; (4) the situation of the stateless population compared to that of other populations and what impact assistance may have on relations between communities. Return of Stateless Persons 59. Stateless persons are frequently denied re-entry to their States of habitual residence. Action by UNHCR Field Offices may be required to promote the readmission of stateless persons who are found not to be in need of international refugee protection to avoid a situation in which they end up in limbo, including in detention. In such situations, Field Offices may invoke the right of every person to return to one’s “own country” as provided for by article 12 (4) of the International Covenant 39 on Civil and Political Rights. 60. In the context of return of stateless persons, it is therefore critical to ensure, including in readmission agreements: • Respect for basic human rights, during and upon return. • Issuance of appropriate travel documents. • Issuance of identity documents and inclusion in, or updating of civil registries. • Recognition of a right to lawful residence. This is particularly important in situations where the right of stateless persons to reside in the country may be questioned at a later stage. Resettlement 61. In some circumstances, addressing protection problems faced by stateless persons may require seeking solutions outside of both the country of habitual residence and of other countries with which they have links through former nationality, birth, descent or former habitual residence. Executive Committee Conclusion No. 95 (2003) encourages States “to co–operate with UNHCR on methods to resolve cases of statelessness and to consider the possibility of providing resettlement places where a stateless person's situation cannot be resolved in the present host country or other country of former habitual (40) residence, and remains precarious”. Additional guidance on resettlement of non-refugee stateless persons is available in (41) the Resettlement Handbook. 37 Executive Committee Conclusion No. 106 (LVII) – 2006, para. (p). Executive Committee Conclusion No. 106 (LVII) – 2006, para. (p). 39 For further guidance, see UN Human Rights Committee, General Comment No. 27: Article 12 (Freedom of Movement), 2 November 1999, CCPR/C/21/Rev.1/Add.9, available at: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/45139c394.html. 40 Executive Committee Conclusion No. 95 (LIV) – 2003, para. (v). 41 UN High Commissioner for Refugees, Resettlement Handbook (country chapters last updated September 2009), 1 November 2004, available at: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/3ae6b35e0.html. 38 16