Figure 4.4.2. RAE individuals from Roma settlements in Serbia without birth registration, by type of settlement (%) 0.11 0.34 0.47 0.93 1.39 99.66 99.53 99.07 99.89 98.61 SLAM Old inner city community Village Yes New inner city community purpose-made settleme No Two-thirds of all households with members lacking birth registration fled Kosovo after 1999 or have left Kosovo voluntarily since 1999 (these account for 14 of the 21 households with members who lack birth registration). Another three households fled other parts of the former Yugoslavia. As many as 52 percent of these households speak mainly Roma, 29 percent speak Albanian, and 19 percent speak Serbian. These data do not differ from those captured in 2015, when the RAE population was found to have substantial migratory experience. Figure 4.4.3. RAE households from Roma settlements in Serbia without birth registration, by migratory experience (absolute numbers) 1 2 3 Arrived from Kosovo after 1998 Escaped from the former Yugoslav republicsbetween 1991 and 1997 1 Have always lived in Serbia Returned from Western Europe 14 Other migrants The respondents reported a variety of reasons for lack of birth registration, the most common ones being ignorance of the procedure and lack of evidence required for registration (as cited by 28 percent of those surveyed). One-quarter (24 percent) of unregistered RAE individuals felt the registration procedure was excessively complicated, whilst 12 percent each cited excessive costs of the procedure, requirement to register abroad, and unavailability of parents which prevented registration. Lastly, 8 percent reported the 24 PERSONS AT RISK OF STATELESSNESS IN SERBIA OVERVIEW OF CURRENT SITUATION AND THE WAY FORWARD