Figure 4.2.1. Persons at risk of statelessness by region: comparison of 2010, 2015, and 2020 findings (%) 10 4.5 5.7 2.2 2.4 Southern and Eastern Serbia 7 5.1 Belgrade 2010 4.3 2.4 Vojvodina 2015 3.9 4.9 2.3 Western Serbia and Šumadija 2020 Relative to 2015, the number of those at risk of statelessness has dropped, or at the very least stagnated. Major improvements are observed in Vojvodina and Western Serbia and Šumadija. Statistically negligible progress has been made in Belgrade and Southern and Eastern Serbia. Different issues dominate in each region. Birth registration is the most common problem in Belgrade and Southern and Eastern Serbia; citizenship in Vojvodina; and the lack of identity cards and residence registration, is, again, the most likely issue in Belgrade. 4.3 Socio-economic profile of persons at risk of statelessness Persons at risk of statelessness are much more exposed to economic insecurity and poverty than the overall population of informal settlements. Figure 4.3.1. Ability of persons at risk of statelessness to finance basic needs, comparison of 2015 and 2020 findings (%) 73 8995 79 97 9096 71 8993 72 929098 Food Clothing and footwear Utilities 27 11 5 21 29 10 4 3 Yes 2015 No 11 7 28 Yes Personal hygiene 8 10 2 2020 Medicines and treatments No Education of children Sports, entertainment Persons at risk of statelessness are unable to provide for their basic needs; see Figure 4.3.1. One in four households with members at risk of statelessness (27 percent) are able to secure food, but only one in five (21 percent) are able to purchase personal hygiene products. 20 PERSONS AT RISK OF STATELESSNESS IN SERBIA OVERVIEW OF CURRENT SITUATION AND THE WAY FORWARD