This kind of rhetoric is dangerous. We must be clear in the context of Rakhine, where the Rohingya have faced decades of systemic violence, displacement, and denial of citizenship, the “criminal gangs” being alluded to in such posts are undoubtedly the Rohingya themselves. Human rights organizations, national and international, have repeatedly documented the atrocities committed against this community, often at great personal and political risk. To avoid naming the Rohingya directly is a calculated move, an attempt to distance himself from outright hate speech while still planting the seed of suspicion and resentment in the minds of his followers. This tweet exemplifies how propaganda works to delegitimize both victims and those who advocate on their behalf. On 18 May 2024, the same day the AA reportedly seized control of Buthidaung town and the surrounding township, an area heavily populated by Rohingya civilians, General Naing took to his social media account to post the following statement on X, At first glance, this message appears to be a call for calm and unity. However, when examined with ground realities, it becomes clear that the tweet is a blatant act of misinformation and damage control. On the very day this message was posted, multiple verified testimonies (collected during our testimony collection process) and online media reports documented the 94

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