social media to create a chamber of hate, where calls for violence against the Rohingya, or their affiliated or perceived organizations like ARSA, are not only tolerated but celebrated. This normalization of hate speech and open endorsement of violence in public forums is a grim reminder of how online spaces can be weaponized to reinforce ethno-nationalist ideologies and justify mass atrocities. ➔ Warnings, Intimidations, and Staged Agendas Ekram (Name Changed) narrates that the Anti-Rohingya propaganda follows several key narratives that are used to justify violence and discrimination. One of the most common messages is the warnings and intimidation. Propaganda also accuses the Rohingya of collaborating with enemy forces, portraying them as traitors or terrorists. Unfortunately, this is used to justify military operations and mass violence. Additionally, propaganda paints the Rohingya as a threat to Rakhine culture and Buddhism, creating fear that we will overtake the local population. Propaganda against the Rohingya is spread through state-controlled media, social media, religious leaders, and emotional political speeches. The aim is to justify violence, create fear, and divide communities, making it harder for the Rohingya to seek justice and protection. In one of his tweets, General Naing issues a stark warning directed at individuals he labels as collaborators or traitors to the Rakhine nation. Without naming anyone explicitly, the tweet delivers a clear message- those who betray the nationalist cause will be punished. He draws a parallel to the aftermath of a Bangladeshi liberation war, referencing how those who were seen as betraying the movement were dealt with harshly. 92

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