120 GRID 2017 16,000 448,000 350 659,000 Honduras India Indonesia Iraq 3,035,000 7,100 796,000 190,000 257,000 6,200 Guatemala 258,000 208,000 296,000 Ethiopia Total number of IDPs as of 31 December 2016 (conflict) Georgia New displacements in 2016 (conflict) Country 2017 2017 2017 2016 2017 2017 2017 Year that the total number of IDPs was last updated IOM, OCHA and UNHCR Research and Academia Media UNHCR and NGO Government and NGO Government IOM Primary source/ type Displacement in Iraq in 2016 was driven by joint Kurdish and Iraqi army military operations to retake key cities and areas in Ninewa, Erbil, Salah al Din and Kirkuk governorates. The operation to retake Mosul was launched on 17 October and caused one third of all the displacements recorded in the past year. Nearly all IDPs were displaced by inter-communal violence or insurgency-related violence between 1998 and 2004 and have since been unable or unwilling to return and have failed to re-establish their lives through local integration or settlement elsewhere. IDMC’s estimate also includes a number of people displaced between 2007 and 2013 by attacks against religious minorities and who have since failed to return. Furthermore, people displaced by a long-running conflict in Papua between the Indonesian army and a separatist Papuan group have also been included. IDMC’s estimates represent a conservative assessment, based mainly on media reports due to the lack of systematic monitoring of conflict-induced displacement in the country and limited access to some affected areas. Due to the nature of displacement in India, particularly along the border with Pakistan, it is believed many IDPs displaced in 2016 returned to their homes or place of origin by year’s end. IDMC’s estimates are based on UNHCR data which include a projection of displacement in 2016. UNHCR’s projection is calculated using the average annual number of people displaced from 2004 to 2014 as reported in a study conducted by the Honduran Inter-Agency Commission for the Protection of Persons Displaced by Violence. IDMC’s estimates are based on an analysis of cases reported by key informants, as well as on data from municipal government and non-government service providers, about the number of humanitarian requests received from persons who have been forced to move out of their place of residence due to violence, disasters or climate change. It also includes decaying data related to displacements caused by the civil war which ended in the late 1990s. IDMC’s end-of-year stock figure is calculated based on the Government of Georgia’s official registry and include people displaced as a result of the conflicts in 1991-1992 and 2008 in South Ossetia and Abkhazia. Displaced people who have reportedly returned to their place of origin have been subtracted from the number of IDPs. These estimates are based on data provided by IOM’s DTM and the Monthly Internal Displacement Updates (MIDU). Violence and displacement in Ethiopia are linked to resource-based competition, exacerbated by prolonged drought, as well as clashes between security forces and ethnic groups in Oromia. Comments