Chapter 4 Figure 15 | Ten largest IDP populations | end-2017 to end-2018 Colombia Syrian Arab Rep. Dem. Rep. of the Congo Somalia Ethiopia Nigeria Yemen Afghanistan South Sudan Sudan 0 1 2 3 IDP population (millions) attributed to the conflict in the West Guji and Gedeo zones along the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples’ Region (SNNPR) and Oromia Region border with the Somali Region. Although localized, smallscale displacements have always existed in the country due to community-level clashes over pasture and water rights along regional boundaries, largescale intercommunal violence throughout 2018 resulted in massive displacement, with communities living along disputed boundaries most affected.56 The internally displaced population also increased in Nigeria. At the end of 2018 there were 2,167,900 people displaced in the country, an increase of 27 per cent during the year. Internal movements included both 581,700 new displacements and 176,200 returns. Borno State saw the highest level of new displacement with 195,000 but also the highest levels of returning IDPs (80,100). Although regional military forces made gains against the Boko Haram insurgency in 2018 and managed to temporarily improve the security situation in certain areas of the Lake Chad Basin, conflict in north-eastern Nigeria has 56 “2019 Humanitarian needs overview: – Ethiopia”. See: www. humanitarianresponse.info/sites/www.humanitarianresponse. info/files/documents/files/ethiopia_humanitarian_needs_ overview_2019.pdf 57 “2019 Humanitarian needs overview: – Nigeria”. See: https://www. humanitarianresponse.info/sites/www.humanitarianresponse.info/ files/documents/files/01022019_ocha_nigeria_humanitarian_ needs_overview.pdf 58 “2019 Humanitarian needs overview: – Yemen”. See: www. humanitarianresponse.info/sites/www.humanitarianresponse.info/ files/documents/files/2019_yemen_hno_final_1.pdf unhcr > Global trends 2018 4 5 6 7 end-2018 8 end-2017 been continuing for more than a decade and showed little sign of abating, with attacks by non-State armed groups throughout 2018 driving further displacement.57 There were 2,144,700 internally displaced people in Yemen at the end of 2018. While this was a relatively small overall increase over the year, it masked a high level of movement, with 264,300 newly displaced and 133,600 returning to their localities of origin, often to areas still affected by conflict and with continuing humanitarian needs and limited humanitarian access. While many regions of Yemen were affected by displacement, Taizz and Al Hudaydah Governorate witnessed the highest level of new displacement, with the largest IDP population overall reported in Taizz Governorate. Approximately 60 percent of the displaced population had been displaced since the start of escalations.58 The internally displaced population in Afghanistan stood at 2.1 million at the end of 2018 compared with 1.8 million at the end of 2017. There were new displacements and returns throughout the year, often occurring simultaneously in the same province. While the IDP population in Ghazni Province increased slightly from 57,800 to 62,400, there were 37,000 new internal displacements and 33,200 returns. The province with the largest IDP population was Nangarhar with 279,700 people, followed by Helmand. With almost two thirds of the population 37