Chapter 2 Figure 6 | Major host countries of refugees | end-2017 to end-2018 Turkey Pakistan Uganda Sudan Germany Islamic Rep. of Iran Lebanon Bangladesh Ethiopia Jordan 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 Refugee population (millions) As in 2017, CAR remained the country of origin of the eighth largest refugee population. Violence continued to force people to flee, with refugee numbers increasing from 545,500 to 590,900 during 2018. Virtually all CAR refugees found asylum in neighbouring countries. Cameroon hosted about half with 274,700 at the end of 2018, followed by DRC (172,000), Chad (102,100), Congo (24,700) and Sudan (7,000). Eritrea remained the ninth largest country of origin with 507,300 refugees at the end of 2018, an increase from end-2017 when this population stood at 486,200. Most Eritrean refugees (57 per cent) were hosted by Ethiopia (174,000) and Sudan (114,500), but many also found protection farther away, such as in Germany (55,300), Switzerland (34,100), Sweden (27,700), Norway (15,200), the Netherlands (14,900), Israel (14,500) and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (United Kingdom) (13,000). The number of refugees from Burundi, the tenth largest refugee-producing country, decreased during 2018 from 439,300 at the start of the year to 387,900 at the end. The decrease was mainly due to returns (45,500) and as a result of verification exercises that often reflect spontaneous departures. Nearly all of these refugees (98 per cent) were located in unhcr > Global trends 2018 3.5 end-2018 4.0 end-2017 countries in the region, with Tanzania hosting 221,400 Burundian refugees, followed by Rwanda (68,300), DRC (43,000), Uganda (32,500), Kenya (4,900) and Zambia (4,500). Other major countries or territories of origin for refugees in 2018 were Iraq (372,300), Viet Nam (334,500),19 Nigeria (276,900), Rwanda (247,500), China (212,100), Mali (158,300), Colombia (138,600), Pakistan (132,300), the Islamic Republic of Iran (130,000) and Sri Lanka (114,000). By country of asylum Developing regions continued to shoulder a disproportionately large responsibility for hosting refugees. The Least Developed Countries,20 such as Bangladesh, Chad, DRC, Ethiopia, Rwanda, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda and Yemen, hosted 6.7 million refugees, 33 per cent of the global total, while being home to 13 per cent of the world population and accounting for a combined 19 Nearly all Vietnamese refugees are hosted by China and are considered to be well integrated into Chinese society. 20 See: unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/ for a list of Least Developed Countries. 17