200507 NRC tightening Movement permits required for Rohingya Economic exclusion deepens; confined to townships 2012 Rakhine State violence Military complicity in intercommunal violence ~140,000 internally displaced; apartheid conditions 2015 White card cancellation ~700,000 Rohingya IDs revoked pre-election Complete political disenfranchisement OctDec 2016 Clearance operations Military response to ARSA attacks ~70,000 flee; documented atrocities (UN, 2017) Aug 2017 Genocide campaign Coordinated assault — genocidal intent (UN FFM) 700,000+ flee in weeks; hundreds of villages burned Jan 2019 ICJ case filed The Gambia v. Myanmar — Genocide Convention Provisional measures ordered Jan 2020; case ongoing Feb 2021 Military coup Military seizes power; all peace processes halted Return prospects severely diminished; worsening Note: Sources: UN Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar (2018); Zarni and Cowley (2014); Human Rights Watch (2017); ICJ (2019). Source: UNHCR (2023, 2025); UN Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar (2018); Human Rights Watch (2017). 3.3 The Humanitarian Data Landscape — Table 4 and Figure 3 The Cox's Bazar refugee camps now host approximately 974,000 Rohingya in conditions of multidimensional deprivation compounded by a worsening funding crisis. Table 4 presents key humanitarian indicators; Figure 3 visualizes the widening funding gap that directly drives service access crises. Table 4: Key Humanitarian Indicators — Cox's Bazar Rohingya Camps (2025-2026) Indicator Data Source Total Rohingya population in camps ~974,000 UNHCR, 2025 Children under 18 as % of population ~52% UNHCR, 2025 2025 Joint Response Plan — Funding requested $934.5 million UNHCR, 2025 7