UUM Journal of Legal Studies, 13, No. 1 (January) 2022, pp: 345–380 (iv) The Universal Declaration on Human Rights 1948 (UDHR) Article 1, of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 (hereinafter known as UDHR 1948) establishes the universal human rights to all human beings as being born free and equal in dignity and rights. Despite not being part of the binding international law, the UDHR is accepted globally by all states on the fundamental principles of human rights regardless of nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, language, or any other status, and all human beings are to be treated equally and with respect. Subsequent to the UDHR, the United Nations adopted many legally binding international human rights treaties and agreements, including the CRC 1989, the 1954 Convention and the 1961 Convention. These treaties and agreements outline fundamental protection for human rights of the stateless people and children, and also impose legal obligations on the signatory member States. (v) The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966 (ICCPR) The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966 (hereinafter known as the ICCPR) does not guarantee a right to nationality for all humans, but only for children as propounded by Article 24(3). By virtue of Article 24(1) of the ICCPR 1966, “Every child shall have, without any discrimination as to race, colour, sex, language, religion, national or social origin, property or birth, the right to such measures of protection as are required by his status as a minor, on the part of his family, society and the State”. In addition, Article 24(2) of the ICCPR requires immediate registration upon the birth of a child and that child shall have a name. Therefore, signatory member States of the ICCPR are required to adopt every appropriate measure to ensure that every child born within the respective states, regardless of the background and circumstances, be given nationality 19. (vi) The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) 1966 The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 1966 (hereinafter known as the ICESCR) was adopted by the United 19 362 Santhosh Persaud (2006) (UNHCR). New Issues in Refugee Research. Research Paper No. 132 Protecting refugees and asylum seekers under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. https://www.unhcr.org/4552f0d82.pdf > . Retrieved date: 16.4.2021