41 AG Noorani, ‘Kashmir: The Murder of Insaniyat’, Frontline (online), 30 August 2019 <https://frontline.thehindu.com/cover-story/ article29049528.ece>. 42 ‘Kashmir: India Uses ‘Draconian’ Law to Extend House Arrest of Former Chief Ministers’, BBC (online), 7 February 2020 <https://www. bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-51410380>. 43 Niha Masih, Shams Irfan and Joanna Slater, ‘India’s Internet Shutdown in Kashmir is the Longest Ever in a Democracy’, The Washington Post (online), 16 December 2019 <https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/indias-internet-shutdown-in-kashmir-isnow-the-longest-ever-in-a-democracy/2019/12/15/bb0693ea-1dfc-11ea-977a-15a6710ed6da_story.html>. 44 Prateek Waghre, ‘What 300 Days of Internet Winter in Kashmir Tell Us About Erecting a Digital Wall’, The Wire (online), 26 May 2020 <https://thewire.in/tech/kashmir-internet-4g-digital-wall> online. 45 Yusuf Jameel, ‘J&K Parties Fume as IAS Officer from Bihar Gets Domicile in Jammu and Kashmir, Deccan Chronicle (online) 27 June 2020 <https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/270620/national-confrence-pdp-see-red-over-non-locals-getting-jk-domicile-c.html>; Mirza Saaib Beg, ‘J&K’s New Domicile Order: Disenfranchising Kashmiris, One Step at a Time’, The Wire (online), 30 May 2020 <https://thewire.in/rights/kashmir-domicile-law>. 46 Vindu Goel and Jeffrey Gettleman, ‘Under Modi: India’s Press is Not So Free Anymore’, The New York Times (online), 2 April 2020 <https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/02/world/asia/modi-india-press-media.html>; ‘RSF, Journalists Criticize FIR Against Scroll. in’s Supriya Sharma, Call it ‘Attempt to Intimidate’’, Scroll.in (online), 18 June 2020 <https://scroll.in/latest/965057/rsf-journalistscriticise-fir-against-scroll-ins-supriya-sharma-call-it-attempt-to-intimidate> online. 47 As per the report of the Global Public Policy Institute titled ‘Free Universities: Putting the Academic Freedom Index into Action’, India is one of the countries where the Academic Freedom Index score has deteriorated by at least 0.1 points in the last five years: <https:// www.gppi.net/media/KinzelbachEtAl_2020_Free_Universities.pdf>. 48 ‘Modi Tightens His Grip on Media’ above n 35. 49 Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 is primarily employed as an anti-terror legislation; nevertheless, it is increasingly being used against dissenters. See for instance, ‘Delhi Riots: Police Now Book Jamia Students, Umar Khalid under UAPA’, The Wire (online), 21 April 2020 <https://thewire.in/government/delhi-riots-meeran-haider-safoora-zargar-umar-khalid>. 50 Aman Sethi, ‘Another Indian Student Arrested on Charges of Sedition’, The Guardian (online), 23 February 2016 <https://www. theguardian.com/world/2016/feb/23/india-student-arrested-sedition>. 51 Hannah Ellis-Petersen and Shaikh Azizur Rahman, ‘Coronavirus Conspiracy Theories Targeting Muslim Spread in India’, The Guardian (online), 13 April 2020, <https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/apr/13/coronavirus-conspiracy-theories-targeting-muslimsspread-in-india>. 52 Meenakshi Ganguly, Dissent is Anti-National in Modi’s India (13 December 2019) Human Rights Watch <https://www.hrw.org/ news/2019/12/13/dissent-anti-national-modis-india>. 53 Betwa Sharma, ‘Delhi Riots: How the Police is Using FIR 59 to Imprison Students and Activists Indefinitely’, Huffpost (online), 16 June 2020 <https://www.huffingtonpost.in/entry/delhi-police-riots-students-anti-caa-activists-arrest_in_5ee7ab99c5b651a404b0591a>; Sruthisagar Yamunan, ‘As Delhi Police Use Lockdown to Arrest Anti-CAA Activists, Courts Must Act to Check Abuse of Power’, Scroll.in (online), 26 May 2020 <https://scroll.in/article/962930/as-delhi-police-use-lockdown-to-arrest-anti-caa-activists-courts-must-act-tocheck-abuse-of-power>. 54 In Re: Contagion of COVID 19 virus in prisons, Suo Motu Writ Petition (c) No.1 of 2020 <https://scobserver-production.s3.amazonaws. com/uploads/beyond_court_resource/document_upload/393/Suo_Motu_Petition_on_Prisons_-_23.03.2020.pdf>. 55 Mihir Naniwadekar, ‘The Supreme Court’s 4G Internet Order: Evasion by Abnegation’ on Indian Constitutional Law and Philosophy (11 May 2020) <https://indconlawphil.wordpress.com/2020/05/11/the-supreme-courts-4g-internet-order-evasion-by-abnegation/>. 56 ‘Supreme Court to Hear Pleas on CAA after Arguments in Sabarimala Related Matter are Over’, The Indian Express (online), 5 March 2020 <https://indianexpress.com/article/india/sc-to-hear-pleas-on-caa-after-arguments-in-sabarimala-related-matter-areover-6300382/>. 57 Subhankar Dam, ‘Vineet Narain v Union of India: A Court of Law and Not of Justice – Is the Indian Supreme Court Beyond the Indian Constitution’, (Summer 2005) Public Law <https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=969976>. 58 Medha Srivastava, ‘When the Judiciary Undermines Judicial Independence’ on Verfassungsblog (8 October 2019) <https:// verfassungsblog.de/when-the-judiciary-undermines-judicial-independence/>. 59 Generated using V-DEM, <https://www.v-dem.net/en/analysis/CountryGraph/>.