Notes 1 OSCE-UNHCR, Protection Checklist Addressing Displacement and Protection of Displaced Populations and Affected Communities along the Conflict Cycle: A Collaborative Approach, 2014, available at: http://www.osce.org/cpc/111464 2 Article 1(1) of the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons. 3 As of August 2016, the 57 OSCE participating States are: Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, the Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, the Russian Federation, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, and Uzbekistan. 4 Over the years, the OSCE has developed special relations with six Mediterranean Partners for Co-operation: Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Morocco and Tunisia, and five Asian Partners for Co-operation: Afghanistan, Australia, Japan, the Republic of Korea, and Thailand. 5 UNHCR Global Trends; Forced Displacement in 2015, June 2016, Annex Table 1, available at: http://www.unhcr.org/576408cd7.pdf 6 UNHCR Global Trends; Forced Displacement in 2015, June 2016, Annex Table 1, available at: http://www.unhcr.org/576408cd7.pdf. For persons under UNHCR’s Statelessness Mandate see Table 7 of the Annex: http://www.unhcr.org/globaltrends/2015-GlobalTrends-annex-tables.zip. 7 The International Law Commission has concluded that this definition is part of customary international law. See International Law Commission, Draft Articles on Diplomatic Protection with commentaries, 2006, pg. 49, available at: http://www.refworld.org/docid/525e7929d.html 8 See footnote 4, UNHCR, Handbook on Protection of Stateless Persons, 30 June 2014, available at: http://www.refworld.org/docid/53b676aa4.html 9 Paragraph 3 of the 1954 Convention’s Final Act was drafted specifically to address the position of the de facto stateless. This recommendation requests that the benefits of the Convention be extended to individuals whom States consider to have had valid reasons for renouncing the protection of their State of nationality. As for the Final Act of the 1961 Convention, while it does not define de facto statelessness, it recommends that such persons benefit from the provisions of the 1961 Convention so as to obtain an “effective nationality”. 103