III. Background and mandates individuals may remain stateless and therefore of concern to UNHCR. In addition, UNHCR’s statelessness mandate may also apply to individuals who are internally displaced. UNHCR’s statelessness activities are grouped around four pillars: (1) identification, which entails gathering information on statelessness, its scope, causes and consequences, and mechanisms to identify stateless persons (2) prevention, by addressing the causes of statelessness and promoting accession to the 1961 Convention, (3) reduction, by supporting legislative changes and procedural improvements to allow stateless people to acquire nationality, and (4) protection, which foresees interventions to help stateless people exercise their rights, and the promotion of accession by States to the 1954 Convention.18 In 2014, UNHCR published a Handbook on Protection of Stateless Persons. This doctrinal tool is intended to help governments, policy makers, administrative adjudicators, the judiciary, NGOs, legal practitioners, UNHCR staff and others to interpret and apply the 1954 Convention, and to facilitate the identification and proper treatment of such persons.19 While Part One of the Handbook introduces the criteria for determining statelessness (i.e. definitions, general considerations, and interpretation of terms), Part Two covers the modalities for creating statelessness determination procedures that enable States to recognize and grant protection status to stateless persons, including questions of evidence that arise in the course of such procedures. Part Three discusses the status of, or minimum protection to be afforded to, stateless persons under national law. In the same year, November 2014, UNHCR launched the #IBelong Campaign to End Statelessness by 2024. The Campaign features a Global Action Plan for the years 2014 to 2024 (see Annex IV) with the following objectives: resolve existing major situations of statelessness; prevent new cases of statelessness from emerging; and better identify and protect stateless populations. The Global Action Plan sets out 10 actions that States are encouraged to take, if applicable to their context, to achieve these objectives.20 23