humanitarian education sector’s learning centers: geography, history, science, English, Burmese language and grammar (as separate classes), arithmetic, and geometry.2°¢ Mohamed Hanim, 22, a teacher at an unofficial school, said, “Learning centers are all the same, they only teach three subjects. People were missing the other subjects and wanted more. | teach all eight Burmese subjects. But we can’t join the learning center program because we teach all the subjects.”2°7 Anwar Islam, a teacher at another unofficial school, recalled tightening official restrictions on the education that Rohingya were allowed to provide for themselves in the camps: When we first came [to the camps], the CIC announced that all subjects were allowed, but later, he said we were only permitted to teach English, Burmese and math. We hope someone will support our schools, or at least, let us volunteer.298 Ban on Construction and Inadequate School Facilities To bring Rohingya children into some form of learning while still operating under the Bangladesh government’s restrictions, the humanitarian education sector initially prioritized the construction and staffing of “temporary learning centers.” As of July 2019, 23 months into the crisis, the humanitarian groups working in the education sector reported having constructed almost 3,000 learning centers in the Cox’s Bazar refugee camps, most of which had one Rohingya and one Bangladeshi national as teachers.2°9 Bangladesh prohibits humanitarian groups from building permanent school buildings in the camps for refugees who arrived since August 2017, though there are sturdier school buildings in the camps for the smaller number of “registered” refugees who arrived before mid-1992.° The learning centers, like nearly all structures in the newer Cox’s Bazar camps, 206 Human Rights Watch interviews, Cox’s Bazar, February 9, 14, 15, 2019. 207 Human Rights Watch interview, Mohamed Hanim, Cox’s Bazar, February 9, 2019. 208 Human Rights Watch interview, Anwar Islam, Cox’s Bazar, February 15, 2019. 209 Bangladesh Education Sector, “5W Analysis,” Excel sheet, January 22, 2019, https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/en/operations/bangladesh/document/education-sector-4w-analysis (accessed May 28, 2019). 210 Human Rights Watch interviews, humanitarian education officials, Cox’s Bazar, February 2019. In 2015, the National Task Force on Rohingya permitted the construction of permanent school buildings in camps for registered Rohingya refugees who arrived before mid-1992. Humanitarian Response Plan: Rohingya Refugee Crisis, September 2017-February 2018, October 2017, p. 18. 57 HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH | DECEMBER 2019