Access to child protection: All Rohingya children must be able to safely access appropriate and coordinated child protection services including social work case management and mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) regardless of their immigration or other status. Special efforts should be made to respond to the immediate psychosocial needs of adolescent girls and boys. Access to healthcare: Ensure that all Rohingya children are able to access quality and inclusive healthcare services. Include refugee populations, including Rohingya children, in national COVID-19 vaccination and allocation plans. Facilitate family reunification: Develop a coordinated regional approach to reunification of unaccompanied and separated Rohingya children with their parents or other legal guardians. This should include communication, as well as the establishment of safe and legal routes for reunification. End arrest and detention: Individuals must not be criminalised, detained or otherwise punished solely for their method of arrival in a country. States that detain undocumented persons, including children, in immigration or other detention centres should immediately enact policies to provide alternatives to detention. Humanitarian access and support: Make sure that UN agencies, humanitarian organisations and NGOs have full and unfettered access to communities in need. International donors should provide continuing financial support for humanitarian assistance to vulnerable populations, particularly children. Acknowledge and address the root causes of Rohingya leaving Myanmar: This should include implementing recommendations made by the Advisory Commission on Rakhine State and supporting international justice processes aimed at holding to account the perpetrators of international crimes and human rights violations. Transparency and consultation: Make sure that Rohingya, including children, are able to meaningfully participate in decisions affecting their lives. Make special efforts to consult women and girls, people with disabilities and other at‑risk populations in policy and other discussions and decisions. Address xenophobia and advocacy of hatred: Publicly condemn incitement to discrimination, hostility or violence – including where it is propagated by state officials – and raise awareness, including through educational campaigns in host communities and at the national and local levels, highlighting principles of non-discrimination, tolerance and inclusion. Strengthen international legal protection: Ratify the UN Refugee Convention and the UN Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, incorporate their provisions in domestic law and implement them in policy and practice. v PHOTO: MARIA DE LA GUARDIA/SAVE THE CHILDREN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Rohingya refugees fleeing violence in Myanmar in 2017, when more than 730,000 crossed the border into Bangladesh.