national levels. UNHCR developed a comprehensive set of recommendations drawn from an analysis of the responses provided by 74 States. UNHCR has supported citizenship campaigns in which States allowed stateless persons to acquire the citizenship of the country in which they were long-term habitual residents. UNHCR also assists stateless persons directly by consulting with the relevant States in an effort to find solutions for stateless individuals or groups. The organization encourages States to clarify the concerned individual’s legal status and promotes recognition of the legitimate ties between an individual or group of individuals and a State in cases where the person(s) concerned would otherwise be stateless. While waiting for their nationality status to be resolved, stateless persons are entitled to enjoy minimum rights in their countries of residence. UNHCR advocates for the implementation of the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, which provides for a set of minimal rights and obligations for stateless persons, and assists States in implementing, as necessary and resources permitting, protection and assistance programmes for stateless persons. What other organizations work alongside UNHCR in addressing the problems related to statelessness? The main United Nations agencies working with UNHCR to address statelessness are the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and the United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM). In solving protracted situations of statelessness, UNHCR also sometimes works with the International Labour Organisation (ILO), the United Nations Development Fund (UNDP) and the World Food Programme (WFP) by jointly implementing housing, education or income-generating programmes to help marginalized communities integrate or re-integrate into the national society. In addition to the UN organizations mentioned above, UNHCR works in close collaboration with relevant UN treaty-body mechanisms that ensure the right to a nationality, such as the Human Rights Committee, the Child’s Rights Committee, the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, and the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women. UNHCR cooperates with regional bodies, such as the Council of Europe, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, the Organization of American States, the African Union, the League of Arab States, and the Organization of the Islamic Conference. UNHCR participates in the Council of Europe’s Committee on Nationality, which is developing standard-setting instruments such as the European Convention on Nationality and the Draft Protocol on the Avoidance of Statelessness in relation to State Succession. Non-governmental organizations also work closely with UNHCR – in the field, as advocates for UNHCR’s programmes, and in helping to develop UNHCR’s activities. In 2005, UNHCR signed sub-agreements with 770 implementing partners, of which 578 are NGOs, including 424 national NGOs. UNHCR works closely with the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) to raise awareness among parliamentarians about international legal norms relating to statelessness and to 45