92 State power and identification schemes in Rakhine 32 The documents that served the same role as ‘licenses’ are referred to in Rohingya narratives as Form 4s. 33 Thakin was a term of address for the British that was adopted as a term of respect by members of the Burmese independence movement. Its meaning is close to ‘comrade.’ 34 Dr Maung Maung, who was editor of The Guardian in Burma and author of this article, which lays out the important role this Burmese-Indian played in the independence movement, was later one of the key drafters for the 1982 Citizenship Law which drafted with the purpose of excluding Burmese-Indians. Raschid, who was featured in this article, was arrested and detained after the 1962 coup. He was later exiled to Pakistan. 35 Fg6, 26/07/2018, Kutapalong. 36 Through the Government of Burma Act 1935. 37 See British parliamentary discussion of Government of Burma (immigration) Order. Available at: https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/lords/1937/mar/04/ government-of-burma-immigration-order (accessed 26/01/2020). 38 In the 1947 Constitution of Burma, Union Citizenship Act 1948. 39 In63, 25/04/2018, Kuala Lumpur. Also see Burma Human Rights Network (2018). European Network on Statelessness and Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion (2019). 40 See UNHRC, 27/05/2015, Myanmar: UN Rights Experts Express Alarm at Adoption of First of Four ‘Protection of Race and Religion’ Bills Available at: www.ohchr. org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=16015&LangID=E (accessed 27/01/2020). 41 For example, ongoing discussions between Bangladesh, Myanmar, and UNHCR over returnee documents for Rohingya and between Thailand and Myanmar for returnees from Thailand. 42 Raschid’s personal correspondence, on file. 43 Tin Tut was assassinated by a car bomb in Sept 1848. 44 Document 573 Broadcast by U Tin Tut from the Burma Broadcasting Service IOR: M/4/2748 in Tinker, Griffin et al. (1984). 45 One of the main causal factors of the famine is understood to be the feeding and distribution policies of the British, which diverted limited supplies away from local populations to support war efforts elsewhere. See Sen (1977). 46 There are four original press clippings from 22 February 1947 on file—two referring to the visit being related to border demarcation and two reporting the visit as relating to an ‘influx of Indians.’ From original correspondence from Raschid, U Nu, and the Chief Minister of Bengal relating to this visit, it is clear that the only purpose of the visit was to clarify border demarcation. 47 Document 563 Council of the Ministers, 19th meeting, Minute 12 (5,6,7,8) IOR: M/4/2555 in Tinker et al. (1984). 48 Jinnah was first Governor General of Pakistan. 49 Attlee was British Prime Minister of the time. 50 U Saw had been identified in the riot inquiry report of 1939 as an instigator of the anti-Indian movement in the 1930s. He did not sign on to the Atlee-Aung San agreement or ‘white paper’ that resulted from the London talks in 1947. Seven months later, he was involved in planning the assassination of Aung San and his cabinet and was later hanged. 51 Original press clipping—’Jinnah repudiates Maungdaw claim: Aung San in expresses complete satisfaction’ 8/01/1947 Reuters, Karachi. 52 Letter from Raschid to U Nu dated 18/02/1947. Additionally, there are three letters between U Nu, Suhrawardy, and Raschid that introduce him as key negotiator and confirming the dates of the meeting.