Knowledge is a driver of change and must be used towards positive outcomes. Research, training and tools should not only be about providing information, they also need to actively break down stigma and misconceptions. They need to strengthen solidarity and change agendas, and counter misinformation and the misuse of knowledge as a weapon of exclusion (see below). Academic outputs and legal analysis on statelessness should be curated and made more accessible to civil society organisations, states, and persons with lived experiences. “ Knowledge is really so vital because we've also come to a stage where there's a wall and we want to know how to penetrate through that and the knowledge here from all the experts is going to help us.” Bina Ramanand Knowledge can also be used to cause harm and structural violence, driving processes of othering and socio-political exclusion. Further, through structural exclusion, the ‘knowledge’ of some groups is not regarded as ‘knowledge’, which results in their expertise and experience being dismissed. We need to focus on debunking myths, challenging stereotypes and ‘conventional wisdom’ in various contexts. “ In Assam, knowledge was created that these people do not belong here, they are not our citizens, they do not have any right to be here. And then there was another level of dehumanisation and constructing them as a threat, that if you do not attack them they are going to attack you. This is a pattern throughout the world… You will also see how the knowledge of certain people is systematically not accepted as knowledge. In the Foreigners Tribunal in Assam, the testimonies of these people are not accepted. A father will testify ‘this is my son’, but the Tribunal will say ‘no we can't trust you’. This is a form of epistemic violence.” Abdul Kalam Azad Accessibility of knowledge: Serious consideration must be given to the ways in which knowledge may be exclusionary. Information on statelessness must be made accessible to stateless people and communities, civil society organisations, states, and other actors. Knowledge should be circulated beyond academic and legal spheres. Language accessibility must be prioritised. Courses on statelessness can also be introduced to schools and universities, emphasising the importance of those with lived experience informing course design. Urgent scholarly focus is required on emergency and evolving contexts such as pandemics, climate change, and armed conflicts, which can aggravate existing statelessness concerns and create new concerns. These contexts also provide an opportunity to look at statelessness through different lenses and through them, raise awareness about the statelessness challenge.

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