statelessness in Japan and address discrimination against stateless persons. xi. Take adequate measures to quantify the scale of statelessness in Japan and assess the risk of statelessness among particularly vulnerable populations. Take special measures to publish statistics related to the reduction and prevention of statelessness, the protection of stateless persons and the number of stateless persons in detention. This includes collaborating with civil society and other key stakeholders to map the number of stateless persons in Japan (irrespective of residence status) and the legal, economic and social consequences of statelessness for relevant populations. 14