and two water cisterns. These demolitions displaced 37 people (including 20 children) and adversely affected another 70.79 On 12 June 2012, the Israeli Civil Administration served the residents of Susiya further demolition orders, which they claimed were renewals of orders from the 1990s and thus allowed only a limited opportunity to a number of residents to appeal to the Civil Administration Supreme Planning Council; a process which had to be undertaken within three days.80 The residents of Susiya appealed the ruling and have since then made further petitions to the Israeli High Supreme Court in order to stop the home demolitions.81 Checkpoints In April 2015, 96 fixed checkpoints were counted in the West Bank. In addition to these fixed checkpoints, the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) also counted 361 so-called “flying”, or temporary, checkpoints in April 2015, though the number of the latter varies from month to month.82 The reasoning behind the establishing of specific checkpoints differs from case to case, and in some instances checkpoints are set up to collectively punish the citizens of an entire community. This happened in October 2015, when checkpoints were set up at the entrance to the al-Issawiya and at-Tur neighborhoods in East Jerusalem after the security cabinet of Israel permitted Israeli police to “impose a closure on, or to surround, centers of friction and incitement in Jerusalem, in accordance with security considerations.”83 Besides restricting the freedom of movement of Palestinians, the checkpoints are also known as places of humiliation84 and also potential danger, as several Palestinians have been killed or have been extrajudicial executed by Israeli soldiers at checkpoints since their establishment.85 79 OCHA-Occupied Palestinian Territories, “Susiya: At Imminent Risk of Forced Displacement”, March 2012, page 1. Available at: http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_susiya_factsheet_ march_2012_english.pdf 80 B’Tselem, “South Hebron Hills Civil Administration threatens to demolish most of Susiya village”, 14 June 2012 / 19 July 2012. Available at: http://www.btselem.org/planning_and_building/20120614_ susiya 81 B’Tselem, “South Hebron Hills A Chronicle of Dispossession: Facts about Susiya”, 29 July 2015. Available at: http://www.btselem.org/south_hebron_hills/201507_facts_on_susiya 82 For a detailed description of each checkpoint, see B’Tselem, “Restriction of Movement: Checkpoints, Physical Obstructions, and Forbidden Roads”, 16 January 2011 / 20 May 2015. Available at: http://www.btselem.org/ freedom_of_movement/checkpoints_and_forbidden_roads 83 Maan News Agency, “Israeli forces deploy, set up checkpoints in East Jerusalem”, 14 October 2015. Available at: https://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=768239 84 Yoav Zitun, “Humiliation and sloppy security checks at IDF checkpoints”, Ynetnews, 27 July 2015. Available at: http://www.ynetnews.com/Articles/0,7340,L-4682202,00.html 85 For an overview of different cases of Palestinians shot and killed at checkpoints, see al-Haq, “Death Traps: Israel’s Use of Force at Checkpoints in the West Bank”, 2002. Available at: http://www.alhaq. org/publications/publications-index/item/death-traps-israel-s-use-of-force-at-checkpoints-in-thewest-bank 27