42. Indeed, the Kurdish Red Crescent has documented 11 cases of women killed by fellow detainees in the al Hol Annex in 2019. As a Dutch woman told RSI: ‘They tried to burn my neighbour’s tent. They attack with knives, they throw stones on tents, they beat us as well as the children outside. They say, “Women who want to go back to their countries are number one on the list, we will kill them.” Because of that, we’re really, really scared, even more scared than from the Assad’s army or being sent to Iraq. These women are really extreme and threaten us. That’s one of the main problems in the camp.’ 43. A German woman explained how some detainees target women who do not comply with directives about clothing and behaviour implemented under ISIL rule: ‘They told me that they will burn my tent if I don’t follow their religion. A year and a half ago, they put gasoline on my tent and tried to burn it. I think it’s because I’ve been walking around wearing jeans. A friend gave me a message from them saying that I should stop being open about the fact I was anti-ISIS, otherwise they would burn my tent and kill my children.’ 44. RSI has learned that a European woman in the al Hol Annex was beaten by a group of six French, Moroccan, and Russian women because she spoke to a male employee of the camp. A woman who sought the assistance of AANES authorities to have her children repatriated to their State of nationality was directly targeted by fellow detainees: her children were hit with stones and required medical treatment. The grandmother of a child held in the al Hol Annex told RSI: ‘One night, a woman came with a metal stick and hit the tent of my daughter-in-law, saying “I want to kill you!” She hit her on her face with her hands. Her neighbours had to come to stop her.’ Some women reported to RSI exchanging sexual favours for money in order to purchase basic supplies for their families. There are also reports of pregnancy in the al Hol Annex which, given the absence of detained adult men, and the due dates of children, this raises the realistic likelihood of sexual exploitation by male SDF officers. 45. The women and children detained in the al Hol and Roj camps are vulnerable to all forms of violence. It is appalling, but not surprising, that officers of several humanitarian organisations posted in the camps have reported to RSI incidents of sexual violence and exploitation.42 Perpetrators include camp residents, sometimes older children, and camp authorities. Some women reported to RSI exchanging sexual favours for money in order to purchase basic supplies for their families. There are also reports of pregnancy in the al Hol Annex which, given the absence of detained adult men, and the due dates of children, raises the realistic likelihood of sexual exploitation by male SDF officers. 20 RIGHTS & SECURITY INTERNATIONAL