as a whole—amounting to apartheid—which has been entrenched since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948 and serves as a long-standing tool to maintain its Zionist settler-colonial project. Recognising the need for the establishment of an international mechanism for reparation for all damage, loss or injury arising from Israel’s internationally wrongful acts against Palestinians in occupied territory, the resolution further calls for the creation of an international register of damage to document evidence of damage, loss, or injury to natural and legal persons, and to the Palestinian people, and support efforts to secure reparations from Israel. While we welcome the proposal to establish such a register, we emphasise that it does not prejudice further reparations owed by Israel for damage caused prior to 1967, including to Palestinian refugees since 1948. Proposed Two State Solution Conference In their pursuit of their inalienable right to self-determination against Israel, Palestinians have been subjected to an ongoing Nakba. Since 1948, Israel has imposed an apartheid system of institutionalised racial discrimination to maintain domination of Israeli Jews over the Palestinian people as a whole, including Palestinian refugees and exiles in the diaspora. The discriminatory apartheid regime on both sides of the Green Line, has been further entrenched by Israel’s unlawful occupation of the West Bank, including Jerusalem and the Gaza Strip, since 1967. Israel’s policies and practices of Zionist settler-colonialism have sought to dehumanise and erase the Palestinian presence in Palestine, through both its fragmentation and destruction of the Palestinian group. On the Proposal for a July 2025 UN conference on a two-State solution for Israel and Palestine Israel’s conduct, presently being unleashed in a relentless genocidal campaign of military violence killing at least 53,655 Palestinians and injuring 121,950 Palestinians in Gaza since 7 October 2023, its man-made famine against the Palestinians in Gaza, and systematic attacks targeting the erasure of Palestinian refugees in the West Bank is premised on racism and dispossession. The international community has consistently failed to take effective measures to hold Israel accountable for its grave human rights violations, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide. It has further failed to address the root causes of the ongoing dispossession, displacement, domination, and persecution of the Palestinian people, leading to deepening and worsening waves of genocidal colonial violence. Until international law is enforced, and Israel ceases its genocidal conduct, dismantles its discriminatory apartheid regime on both sides of the Green Line, withdraws from unlawfully occupied territory, and facilitates the right of return of Palestinian refugees –– and when the Palestinian people have their destiny in their own hands –– the value or utility of such a Conference as presently framed will remain illusory. Reducing Palestinian self-determination to formal statehood only, framed in terms of developing its financial position and policing capacity –– while denying the rights of Palestinians in Israel, Palestinian refugees and exiles in the diaspora, and Palestinians in the occupied Palestinian territory the exercise of their rights of self-determination and return, or the exercise of their human rights at all –– is a misguided approach. It essentially legitimises the concept of ‘land for peace’, portending rewards for the Occupying Power, and hence is a reversion to the foreseeable, and foreseen, errors of the Oslo Process. The exercise of the inalienable 4