Nationality of Foundlings nationality legislation, there has been some recent progress in the protection of children of unknown parentage.24 The book also has immediate relevance to two situations of increasing international importance: first, state obligations to children who are unaccompanied, particularly in situations of widespread displacement. Where children’s nationality and parentage are not conclusively established, KanekoIwase argues that states should extend nationality to children who are ‘found’ at any point prior to reaching the age of majority.25 Second, the book has immediate relevance to situations of international surrogacy. There has been increasing attention given to surrogacy arrangements with international aspects that result in children who are stateless.26 Nevertheless, that literature has rarely explored the possibility of foundling provisions as a safeguard where children cannot obtain nationality through other means. Foundling provisions can provide a safeguard in these situations, especially when interpreted broadly as Kaneko-Iwase recommends.27 Kaneko-Iwase notes the limitations of her work. Despite extensive research, as many scholars of international nationality law will know all too well, it is extremely difficult to verify that available versions of nationality laws are accurate and up to date.28 This means that some analysis may rely on out-of-date legislation or state practice that differs widely from national legislation. The volume’s origin as a dissertation means that the volume is peppered with extensive discussion of primary sources, particularly in-depth discussions of judicial and administrative decisions, that may lead some readers to focus on the conclusions and summaries in Chapter 8. This volume will prove an important reference for scholars of international law on statelessness, policymakers considering reform of legislation concerning nationality, migration lawyers representing unaccompanied minors and advocates for children’s human rights and birth registration. 24 25 26 27 28 Miriam Nihal, ‘Saudi Arabia Grants Citizenship to Children Born to Unknown Parents’, The National (online, 26 January 2021) <https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/gcc/saudiarabia-grants-citizenship-to-children-born-to-unknown-parents-1.1153889>. Kaneko-Iwase (n 4) 280–84. See, eg, Thomas McGee, ‘“Rainbow Statelessness” — Between Sexual Citizenship and Legal Theory: Exploring the Statelessness-LGBTIQ+ Nexus’ (2020) 2(1) Statelessness & Citizenship Review 80–84; Jyothi Kanics, ‘Preventing and Addressing Statelessness in the Context of International Surrogacy Arrangements’ (2014) 19 Tilburg Law Review 117. Kaneko-Iwase (n 4) 70–75. ibid 405. 187