S/2017/249 Recommendation 72. I call on all parties to the Syrian conflict to immediately cease the use of sexual violence as a tactic of war or terrorism, and urge such crimes to be taken into account in ceasefire agreements, political negotiations, peace processes and accountability initiatives. I encourage refugee-receiving countries to protect and support Syrian refugees who may have suffered sexual violence or be at risk of exploitation. Yemen 73. Reports of sexual and gender-based violence increased in 2016, exacerbated by the protracted nature of the conflict, widespread insecurity and militarization, the breakdown of formal and informal protection mechanisms, as well as large -scale displacement. The massive internal displacement has given rise to negative survival strategies, in both displaced and host communities, such as child marriage and forced prostitution. Internally displaced women and girls, as well as migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers, are acutely vulnerable to sexual violence. Daily threats to their safety, including sexual harassment, restrict women’s mobility and their ability to conduct livelihood tasks. There are concerns about possible linkages between migration, trafficking, and conflict-related sexual violence by armed groups, including violent extremist groups, operating in Yemen. However, such incidents are challenging to document as sexual violence in general is vastly underreported owing to shame, stigma and fear of retaliation, lack of service coverage, and the requirement that service providers refer cases to the police. The risk of honour crimes or tribal solutions to rape perpetuates the silence and underreporting. Recommendation 74. I urge the Yemeni authorities, with support from the international community, to address sexual violence, including forced/child marriage an d forced prostitution, by establishing safe houses and providing material support to displaced households headed by women, girls or war widows. IV. Addressing sexual violence crimes in post-conflict settings Bosnia and Herzegovina 75. More than two decades after the end of the conflict, survivors of wartime sexual violence continue to suffer the enduring effects of that crime, including socioeconomic marginalization and stigma. This leaves many reluctant to register as victims and thus unable to access redress. The Government and the United Nations continue to implement the joint programme “Seeking Care, Support and Justice for Survivors of Conflict-Related Sexual Violence”, which is aimed at enhancing the capacity of service providers, establishing a multisectoral referral system, harmonizing legislation and combating stigma. The new draft law on victims of torture in Republika Srpska in 2016 marked a major step forward for securing the rights of survivors of conflict-related sexual violence to services, justice and reparations, although safeguards need to be established to prevent registration from 22/33 17-05090