practice. Working with the judiciary can also enhance the interpretation
and application of nationality legislation in line with international
standards so as to prevent statelessness.
·
Empowering individuals: People must be aware of their rights and related
procedures on acquisition of nationality by their children, protection
against loss and deprivation of nationality and access to identity and
nationality documentation. Public information and education campaigns
are important activities and some individuals may require legal assistance
in order to avail themselves of such rights and procedures. Civil society
plays a critical role, for instance, by highlighting the importance of birth
registration and assisting parents to secure birth certificates for their
children through subsequent registration. Civil society actors can also
assist individuals with procedures for confirming their nationality with
administrative authorities or courts, for instance with the filing of
applications, obtaining supporting documentation or paying direct and
indirect costs.
Combating discrimination: A critical step is to promote international
standards on non-discrimination, and to raise awareness of the
consequences of statelessness, both for the individual and society as a
whole. Such activities can also be closely linked to conflict prevention
and peace building.
3. Reduction of statelessness
Activities for the reduction of statelessness primarily aim at promoting the
acquisition of a nationality. This can be through large-scale citizenship
campaigns or individualized naturalization procedures. The following activities
are relevant in this context:
Advocating for access to citizenship for stateless populations: Political
will is a decisive factor in finding a solution to statelessness situations, in
particular those of a protracted nature. Raising awareness of statelessness,
its consequences, and the right to a nationality in addition to offering
advice and support are key to generating such political will. While
decisions on nationality are generally taken at a high political level,
advocacy should be directed at all stakeholders who influence, or are
affected by, political decisions. The stronger the public support, and the
lower the resistance, integration of stateless people within the broader
population of citizens is easier for political leaders to support.
Implementing legislative solutions: Acquisition of nationality by stateless
persons may require amending nationality legislation in order to establish
inclusive rules on who is considered a national. Such legislation can be
applied by operation of law, thereby avoiding costly procedures which
may serve to exclude certain individuals. Similarly, legislation on
naturalization should foresee facilitation of requirements for stateless
persons, for instance through reduced residence requirements and lower
fees. Expert advice on comprehensive and just solutions may be needed
and national capacity strengthened to formulate and implement legislative
solutions.
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