Background 2014 to present: National Verification Card (NVC)/Identity Card for National Verification (INVC) 1948 to 1982: National Registration Card (NRC), known as the “three-fold card” 1993 to 2015: Temporary Registration Card (TRC), known as the “White Card” 1989 to present: Citizenship Scrutiny Card (CSC) 1970s Foreign Registration Cards (FRC) 42 The National Verification Card is a temporary identification document for “foreigners.” The card is light blue in color and states, in English and Burmese language, “[h]olding this identity card does not testify that the card holder is [sic] Myanmar citizen.”84 Under the Thein Sein administration, a similar card was known as an Identity Card for National Verification. The Myanmar government issued the National Registration Card, also known as the “three-fold card,” to citizens under the 1949 Residents of Burma Registration Act and its 1951 Rules. Cards issued to men were green and pink for women. The NRC provided full citizenship rights. The Myanmar government issued the Temporary Registration Card, also known as the “White Card,” under the 1949 Residents of Burma Registration Act to replace lost or damaged NRCs. In 1955, the government began issuing the White Card to Rohingya, which allowed them to vote in the 2010 national elections. However, the government revoked the White Cards in March 2015, ahead of the national elections and issued White Card receipts to Rohingya who surrendered their White Card. Like the cards, the receipts conferred no rights. The Myanmar government began issuing the CSC to citizens after 1989. The CSCs are color-coded based on citizenship status– pink for full citizens, blue for associate citizens, and green for naturalized citizens. These also included the Associate Citizenship Scrutiny Card (ACSC) and the Naturalized Citizenship Scrutiny Card (NCSC). 85 The government has, for the most part, excluded Rohingya from obtaining a CSC. In the 1970s, the Myanmar government reportedly issued Foreign Registration Cards (FRC) to Rohingya, identifying them as “foreigners” residing in Myanmar. FRCs were issued in accordance with the Emergency Immigration Act ostensibly to address unauthorized migration from India and Bangladesh to Myanmar. At this time, the authorities required all citizens to carry identity cards, mainly the NRC. However, the government issued FRCs to Rohingya, which many refused. 84 See, Annex I: National Verification Card (NVC). 85 There were also brown color cards for Buddhist monks. See, Thant Myint-U, The Making of Modern Burma, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), p. 245.