COVID-19 IMPACTS ON IMMIGRATION DETENTION: GLOBAL RESPONSES
FOREWORD FROM INTERNATIONAL DETENTION
COALITION (IDC)
Over the past few months, immigration
detention practices around the world have
been changing rapidly as state and civil
society actors respond to manage the
multiple impacts of COVID-19. In some
cases, these changes have been positive,
leading to stronger protection of the rights
of non-citizens. In others, they have led
to the increased marginalisation of and
discrimination against non-citizens.
In collaborating with the Humanitarian and Development Research
Initiative to produce this joint edited collection, the International
Detention Coalition sought to provide a platform for our members
and partners to discuss their experiences, actions and perspectives
as the pandemic unfolded across the globe. The contributions are rich
and diverse, showing the impact that COVID-19 has had on refugee,
undocumented migrant and stateless communities around the world.
The contributions highlight a number of issues related to migrants,
stateless persons and refugees experiencing (or at risk of) immigration
detention – the closure of borders, restrictions on international and
local travel, changes in status determination procedures for asylum
seekers and refugees, new regulations concerning visitors and lawyers
in detention facilities, the redistribution of detainees across different
facilities, the introduction of quarantine and isolation procedures
for those with COVID-19 symptoms, and the impacts of immigration
detention practices on the mental health needs of detainees. The edited
collection covers the response of civil society groups to immigration
detention, highlighting increased concern about the detention of
non-citizens expressed in rallies, petitions, and other forms of protest.
It also reviews legal interventions that have led to the release of
detainees – some, unfortunately, into destitution and homelessness.
The contributions also speak to rising levels of inequality. States with
already weak healthcare systems before the pandemic struggle to
manage rising caseloads. Civil society groups have had to cut back
on their activities in the light of increased restrictions and health
concerns; funding shortages have jeopardised the continuity and reach
of their essential services. Migrants, stateless persons and refugees in
overcrowded housing have been unable to practice physical distancing
and, against rising xenophobia and racism, have been susceptible
to scapegoating for the impact of COVID-19. In many contexts, the
health and welfare of citizens has taken firm precedence over that
of these groups.
COVID-19 does not discriminate, but laws, policies and practices
concerning migration governance, immigration detention, and public
healthcare shape the vulnerability of migrants, stateless persons and
refugees to its spread and effects. The contributions in this joint edited
collection highlight both positive and negative developments over
the past year that need careful attention – and in some cases, urgent
correction – for the health and wellbeing of all.
We extend our gratitude to the authors for their contributions,
which have allowed the breadth of responses that are in this collection.
We also thank HADRI, and in particular Dr. Melissa Phillips, who is
also part of the IDC’s International Advisory Committee, for the
opportunity to have collaborated on this important initiative.
ALICE NAH
Chairperson of the Committee, IDC
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International Detention Coalition and Western Sydney University