Forthcoming in the Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law (27)
studies on the subject. This was in part due to the work of the then Commission on Human
Rights and the Third Committee, leading to the adoption of the 1967 Declaration on Territorial
Asylum.46 The right of asylum was at last removed from the Commission’s programme of work
in 1977 as the UN prepared the stillborn Conference on Territorial Asylum.47
D. Diagnosing the ‘Failure’ to Codify the Law of Asylum
There are various reasons that may explain the Commission’s reluctance to embark on the
codification of the law of asylum. For one, the right of asylum was a topic of high political
charge. This is well illustrated by the profound disagreements as to the legal nature and proper
scope of asylum. Similarly, part of the hesitancy in engaging with the subject could also be
attributed to the existing geopolitical power dynamics in both the Commission and the Sixth
Committee, especially when deciding on what topics should be prioritized. In fact, while the
codification of the law of asylum was of particular interest to (some) Latin American countries,
as it reflected the idiosyncrasies of the region, Western members preferred the codification of
the law on ‘less controversial’ areas, such as the law of treaties, the law of diplomatic and
consular relations, the law of the high seas, and the – no less controversial – law of
responsibility. Finally, external factors and contingencies also exerted some influence on the
Commission’s decision to discontinue the topic. If the decision of the ICJ in the Asylum and
Haya de la Torre cases put into question the existence of any customary law on diplomatic
asylum, the work of the Third Committee and the Commission on Human Rights made any
codification efforts virtually redundant.
See generally G.S. Goodwin-Gill, ‘The 1967 Declaration on Territorial Asylum, Introductory Note’ (2012) UN
Audiovisual Library of International Law; A. Grahl-Madsen, Territorial Asylum (Oceana Publication 1980), at 44
–60.
47
See generally UN ILC, ‘Official Records of the General Assembly, Thirty-Second Session’ in Yearbook of the
International Law Commission 1977, vol. II (Part Two) UN Doc. A/CN.4/SER.A/1977/Add.l, at 129–130.
46
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Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4816199