findings iI: enforcing restrictions on movement Enforcement: Checkpoints In addition to the fencing, respondents reported that checkpoints are one of the key physical barriers controlling their freedom of movement. Checkpoints are staffed by the APBn and have increased over time. Respondents reported that, immediately after the influx, there was only one checkpoint between Cox’s Bazar and the refugee camps. Now, respondents report that there are checkpoints guarding the entrance to every camp, and that refugees are often prohibited from exiting the camps, travelling between the camps, or at times, prevented from even moving within their own camp. To travel to a nearby market, hospital, or a different camp to visit family members, Rohingya are often required to cross five to six checkpoints. Many respondents reported having to regularly wait in long queues at each checkpoint, making a relatively short trip take several hours. These long waits were reported as particularly burdensome for pregnant women, parents with children, and those with serious medical problems. A common theme reported by most respondents was confusion caused by the arbitrary nature of the enforcement at each checkpoint and the ambiguity around the requirements for passage. Several respondents reported travel experiences when they were able to cross several checkpoints only to be turned back at one of the final checkpoints for no apparent reason other than the individual decision of the APBn officer with whom they were interacting. Respondents reported needing a variety of documents and documentation to be able to cross checkpoints depending on the situation, including their UNHCR identification cards, birth certificates, identification cards from humanitarian employers, permission letters from doctors, and CIC documentation, among others. None of these were guaranteed to provide passage through a checkpoint, and some respondents reported that the APBn had confiscated their documents at checkpoints and then required them to pay bribes to have their documents returned. Respondents reported that checkpoints also prevent vehicles from entering the camp, unless they make payments to the police. Vehicle drivers afford this regular extortion by increasing transportation costs. However, this has made journeys previously affordable for Rohingya now impractical. 39