findings iI: enforcing restrictions on movement The Bangladesh officials enforce restrictions on movement through infrastructure, such as fences and checkpoints, and through punitive measures, such as violence, extortion, threats, arrest, and threats of forcible relocation to the undesirable Bhasan Char Island Camp. Here we present findings related to the actors who enforce restrictions on movement, the punitive measure used in enforcement, the role of infrastructure, such as checkpoints and fencing, and other related violations, such as forced labour and threats of forced relocation. Enforcement Actors Respondents reported that multiple actors are involved in enforcing the general restrictions in the camp, including the Armed Police Battalion (APBn), National Security Intelligence (NSI), the Rapid Action Battalion (RAB), the camp in charge officers (CICs), and the majis. However, respondents reported that the APBn (commonly referred to as simply the police) were the main actors enforcing restrictions on freedom of movement in camps. Of the survey respondents who reported experiencing some sort of punitive measure related to their movement, 96 percent reported that the APBn was the actor who punished them. The APBn officers patrol the camps and also work at the checkpoints located at the entrances to the camps and on the main roads. Respondents reported an overwhelming amount of information related to APBn corruption61 and abuse while enforcing the restrictions. Respondents commonly reported abuse of varying severity including detaining Rohingya at checkpoints, confiscating identity cards, stealing smartphones and laptops, extortion, beatings, verbal harassment, as well as sexual harassment and abuse. Many respondents compared the violence perpetrated by police to the routine violence perpetrated by armed groups in the camps, stating that they felt the APBn was more of a threat to Rohingya than the armed groups who routinely terrorise camp residents. Fatima, a 35-year-old Rohingya woman, reported, “Even the gang, ARSA (Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army), is not anything bad to us. It is only the police who are torturing us intentionally. . . [The camp] has become like a prison only because of them.” 62 Rohingya perspectives on the police were in sharp contrast to their views of the Bangladesh Army, which was charged with the security of the camps in Bangladesh until about 2020. The vast majority of respondents viewed the army as being incorruptible, trustworthy, and just. Many strongly requested that the responsibility of camp security be returned to the Army. 61 62 Corruption within the APBn will be discussed in further detail in Section III: Justice and Corruption. Interview C10F 34