c) every person born in Syria from unknown parents or from parents of unknown nationality, and the illegitimate child is considered as being born in Syria unless it was proven to the contrary; d) Every one born in Syria and has not had the right to a foreign nationality through kinship; e) Everyone who is from Syrian Arab origin and had not applied for the Syrian nationality according to previous laws; The Jus Soli principle is operable when lineage cannot be sufficient for determination of origin. Hence, stateless persons born on the territory may obtain nationality in the absence of a father, including children born out of wedlock who can be recognized as citizens by the law. Concerning naturalization and nationality through marriage, the nationality laws also have provisions that define the naturalization conditions and regulations such as a period of continuous residency, knowing the Arabic language, being Muslim and so on. The stateless however, are rarely able to apply for naturalization because the State often views them as “illegal residents” and not originally residents or descendents of a resident of the country. This is the case of the Bidoon in Kuwait and or United Arab Emirates, for example. Nationality laws in the six countries have provisions that relate to the loss of nationality, and include such causes for loss as marriage, treason, service in the army of another country, committing a crime after naturalization, or in several countries simply accepting another nationality. Some of the stateless in the six countries do hold identification documents such as personal ID cards; however such cards do not signify citizenship and are only used as a reference to the holder’s name and status of “illegal resident” or "nationality under consideration" or maktoom al-qayd [Record Unknown]. In the United Arab Emirates personal identification cards were distributed in 2007 to those who do not have legal documents (Bidoon), to be used for daily life requirements, but not as proof of nationality. Bidoon may acquire travel documents, (“Article 17 Passports” in Kuwait), but they face difficulty in obtaining them and usually Bidoon are granted passports for one use only and after submitting a valid reason (U.A.E.: being ill and needing treatment abroad), or for final departure with no right to return. Social, Economic and Cultural rights The exercise of many rights requires an ID card, and consequently they would be automatically denied to someone who is unable to show one. Those without IDs therefore cannot own property, cannot graduate and have a recognized degree, are unable to work or get social benefits, and others. 33

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