Navigating Citizenship in Moldova: Legal changes and rights-based implications Legal changes and rights base implications Summary This legal briefing note analyses the key amendments to the Citizenship Law, which came into effect in December 2025, highlights areas where rights or benefits may be at risk or could be reinforced and outlines potential advocacy avenues to address those challenges Background Moldova is at a pivotal moment in its citizenship policy. Against the backdrop of regional instability, migration pressures and evolving European integration ambitions, Moldova's new citizenship law amendments, effective December 24, 2025, significantly tighten the requirements. The reform aims both to increase national security safeguards and to modernize the acquisition procedures to align with European standards and reduce abuse and fraud. For many foreigners, including stateless persons, children born in Moldova, long‐term residents, displaced persons, persons with dual nationality and refugees — these changes carry significant operational and rights-based implications. Applications for Moldovan citizenship have been steadily increasing, particularly among Ukrainians and Russians. Ukrainians make up a significant portion of dual or multiple citizenship holders, with many seeking Moldovan citizenship for legal security, mobility, and access to rights. As of 3 November 2025, according to data provided by the Inspectorate General for Migration, during the period 24 February 2022 – 30 September 2025: 4,620 Ukrainians applied for Moldovan citizenship; 2,692 Ukrainians were granted Moldovan citizenship; 2,974 Ukrainians were officially recognized as Moldovan citizens. In addition, a notable share of approved applications comes from residents of the Transnistrian region, reflecting simplified procedures for these areas. According to the data provided by the Public Service Agency, in the period from 10 April 2018 to 30 June 2025, 43,505 individuals have been recognized as citizens of the Republic of Moldova under the simplified procedure. Of these, 28,197 (approximately 65%) are residents of the Left Bank of the Nistru River and the municipality of Bender. As of 1 October 2024, according to the Moldovan Ombudsman Office, only 5,485 individuals are registered as stateless in the Republic of Moldova. www.nrc.no

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