region. But even in some Tonkpi villages where there were substantial non-native
populations, there were no reports of illegal land occupation linked to the crisis.
Several Yacouba village elders in Tonkpi believed that the nature of the inter-communal
relationships was a key difference in explaining the greater troubles in Guémon and
Cavally regions. A village elder in Zéalé said: “Here, the non-natives have been with us for
a long time. They live in our village, we intermarry, their children are the village’s
children…. It’s not like [around] Guiglo, where they do their own campement [outside the
village]. Here they live with us.”179
Indeed, a striking feature of many villages in Cavally and Guémon is the complete
separation of communities. There are almost always distinct areas where the Guérés live
and where non-natives live. Immigrant campements are sometimes adjacent to the village,
but often are several kilometers or more into the bush from the Guéré village. The 2008
Bloléquin Accord called for all populations to move into the village,180 but the separation
still predominates in many villages, fueling inter-communal suspicion and tension.
179 Human Rights Watch interview with village elder, Zéalé, June 10, 2013.
180 IDMC and NRC, “Whose land is this?” October 2009, p. 29.
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HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH | OCTOBER 2013
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