Chapter 2 Figure 15 | Refugees, people in a refugee-like situation and other people in need of international protection by major country of origin | 2015-2024 (end-year) Venezuela 6M Syria Afghanistan Number of people Ukraine 4M South Sudan 2M Sudan 0M 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 By country of asylum Globally, the Islamic Republic of Iran (3.5 million), Türkiye (2.9 million), Colombia (2.8 million), Germany (2.7 million) and Uganda (1.8 million) hosted the largest refugee populations (see Figure 16). Almost all refugees hosted in the Islamic Republic of Iran and Pakistan are Afghans. Similarly, nearly all refugees in Türkiye are Syrians and most refugees and other people in need of international protection in Colombia are Venezuelans. Over the last decade, the numbers of refugees in these major host countries have all increased. However, since 2021, the number of refugees has decreased in Türkiye by 22 per cent and since 2023 in the Islamic Republic of Iran (-7 per cent) and Pakistan (-21 per cent). In Uganda, the number of refugees from Sudan (65,400, a four-fold increase) and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (557,000, +10 per cent) both increased during the year. Most refugees in Germany were from Ukraine (1.2 million), Syria (725,100), Afghanistan (279,700) and Iraq (138,500) at end-year. Figure 16 | Refugees, people in a refugee-like situation and other people in need of international protection by major country of asylum | 2015-2024 (end-year) Iran (Islamic Rep. of) Türkiye Number of people 3M Colombia Germany 2M Uganda Pakistan Chad 1M 0M 2015 UNHCR > GLOBAL TRENDS 2024 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 39