101 102 103 104 UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, The International Migration Report 2017, ST/ ESA/SER.A/403, December 2017. Jorunn Brandvoll, ‘Deprivation of Nationality: Limitations on rendering persons stateless under international law’, eds. Edwards, Alice and van Waas, Laura, Nationality and Statelessness under International Law (Cambridge University Press, 2014) p 209. This point was made by the United Nations Conference on the Elimination or Reduction of Future Statelessness which recommended that States should take ‘all possible steps to ensure that such persons are informed in time of the formalities and time limits to be observed if they are to retain their nationality’. See: Final Act of the United Nations Conference on the Elimination or Reduction of Future Statelessness held at Geneva from 24 March to 18 April 1959, and Resolutions I, II, III and IV of the Conference, concluded at New York on 30 August 1961. Available at: www.refworld.org/pdfid/3ae6b39620.pdf. 105 See: CRC Arts 7 and 8, ICCPR Art 24, CEDAW Art 9, CRPD Art 18(2), CERD Art 5(iii) and CMW Art 29. 106 UNHCR, Tunis Conclusions, supra, para 58. 107 UN Human Rights Council, Human rights and arbitrary deprivation of nationality: report of the Secretary-General, HRC/25/28, para 11. 108 Ibid, para 14. 109 UNHCR, Tunis Conclusions, supra, para. 68. 110 Alice Edwards, and Laura van Waas, Nationality and Statelessness under International Law (Cambridge University Press, 2014) p 202. 111 Harald Waldrauch, ‘Loss of Nationality’ in Rainer Baubock, Eva Ersboll, Kees Groenendijk, and Harald Waldrauch, (eds.), Acquisition and Loss of Nationality. Volume 1: Comparative Analysis. Policies and Trends in 15 European Countries (Amsterdam University Press, 2006) p 23, 29. 112 Arab Charter on Human Rights, Art 29. 113 UN Human Rights Council, Human rights and arbitrary deprivation of nationality, supra. 114 UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Expert Meeting - Interpreting the 1961 Statelessness Convention and Avoiding Statelessness resulting from Loss and Deprivation of Nationality (“Tunis Conclusions”), March 2014, available at: http://www.refworld.org/docid/533a754b4.html [accessed 7 October 2018], para 16. 115 62 UNHCR, Tunis Conclusions, supra, para 37. UN Human Rights Council, Human rights and arbitrary deprivation of nationality: report of the Secretary-General, 14 December 2009, A/HRC/13/34, available at: http://www.refworld. org/docid/4b83a9cb2.html, para 25