Chapter 7 DRC . Binianga fled to Angola with her husband and three children during the violence that began in 2017 but has returned to start over. “I am happy to be back in my native country, whatever our situation now. The road was good on the Angolan side, but once we crossed the border it was difficult, especially with the children.” In 2017, the outbreak of violence in the Kasai region of DRC triggered the displacement of some 1.4 million people and the flight of over 35,000 refugees to Angola. In 2019, over 18,600 Congolese returned from Angola. © U N H C R /J O H N W E S S E L S Measuring forced displacement and statelessness Established in 2016 by the UN Statistical Commission (UNSC), the Expert Group on Refugee and IDP Statistics (EGRIS) is tasked with addressing challenges associated with the collection, compilation and dissemination of statistics on refugees, asylum-seekers and IDPs, including the lack of consistent terminology and difficulties in comparing statistics internationally. In 2018, the International Recommendations on Refugee Statistics76 (IRRS) were endorsed by the UNSC and constitute an internationally accepted framework for statistics on refugee and refugee-related populations. EGRIS also developed a refugee statistics compilers’ manual77 with operational instructions established in compliance with the IRRS. In addition, the International Recommendations on Internally Displaced Persons Statistics78 were adopted by 76 See https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/Standardsand-Methods/files/Principles_and_Recommendations/ International-Migration/2018_1746_EN_08-E.pdf 77 See https://unstats.un.org/unsd/statcom/51st-session/documents/ BG-item-3n-compilers-manual-E.pdf 78 See https://unstats.un.org/unsd/statcom/51st-session/documents/ BG-item-3n-international-recommendations-on-IDP-statistics-E.pdf UNHCR > GLOBAL TRENDS 2019 the UNSC in March 2020. For the first time, a comprehensive statistical framework exists for refugees and internally displaced persons. The Expert Group on Statelessness Statistics and the Inter-agency Group on Statelessness Estimation were established in 2019 with a view to support countries in improving statelessness statistics and to submit international recommendations on statelessness statistics to the UNSC in 2022. Figure 30 shows the population groups referred to as refugee and refugee-related based on the definitions and concepts contained in the International Recommendations on Refugee Statistics. Persons in need of international protection comprises recognized refugees and persons with complementary, subsidiary and temporary forms of protection, and others in refugee-like situations. It can also include prospective asylum-seekers and asylum-seekers whose asylum claim is under consideration. It also includes children of refugees or asylum-seekers who may have been born in the country of asylum but did not acquire citizenship of that country and are therefore in need of international protection. These groups, normally excluding prospective asylum-seekers, are counted in UNHCR’s asylumseeker and refugee statistics, and they are counted under the numbers of forcibly displaced persons. 67