Humanitarian and Development Organizations: • Increase awareness of the number of stateless Syrian refugees in KRI beyond Dohuk and the specific vulnerabilities they face in displacement and upon return. • Facilitate referrals for stateless Kurdish refugees to educational and vocational services to address barriers in recognising skills or accreditation from Syria. • Provide for the possibility of recording stateless Kurdish refugees from Syria in the identification of beneficiaries to enhance visibility of this community on both a national and international level and better understand particular needs and barriers. • Strengthen dialogue with education stakeholders to include stateless Kurdish refugees in education programming and reintegration efforts in schools in KRI. • Address protection risks faced by stateless refugees, including restricted movement, access to housing, land, and property (HLP) upon return to Syria. Asylum-Seeker and RefugeeHosting Countries: • Include information on stateless Syrian Kurds, including the distinction between maktoumeen and ajanib, in country of origin profiles. • Where statelessness determination procedures do not exist, develop and implement domestic mechanisms to identify stateless individuals and enable them to apply for recognition of their status without a nationality, particularly alongside refugee status determination (RSD) processes. UNHCR • Assess approaches to recognise statelessness within the RSD process that considers the consequences of this identification, namely discrimination or stigmatisation, and operational constraints. • Review the gap between SDP and RSD processes to recognise the stateless of Syrian refugees during RSD. Conclusions and Recommendations 14 17