Report on Citizenship Law: Bolivia
We also see that the legislation still maintains nationality by blood since anyone born
abroad to Bolivian parents can acquire Bolivian nationality, irrespective of the place of
residence. Previously, children of Bolivian expatriates had also to express their will to reside in
the country in order to acquire Bolivian nationality.28
For people born abroad to Bolivian parents, the procedure that must be followed is in
accordance with the provisions of Supreme Decree 21629 of 22 July 2009. These provisions
establish that the acquisition of Bolivian nationality by children born abroad to Bolivian parents
requires completing the formality of registration in the Birth Register of the consulates of the
Plurinational State of Bolivia. The consuls and diplomats in charge of consular affairs are the
competent officials to carry out the formalities related to the acquisition of nationality through
the procedure of registration in the Birth Register.
3.1.2. By naturalisation:
The Bolivian constitution regulates the naturalisation of foreigners in article 14230, which
establishes that this way of acquiring nationality by naturalisation is for foreign persons who
reside in the country for a determined period of time in an uninterrupted manner, who manifest
their will to obtain it and comply with the requirements established by law.
The requirement of uninterrupted residence in order to acquire nationality by
naturalisation is three years. However, the rule grants the exception that it can be of two years
for persons who marry a Bolivian, have Bolivian children, children adopted by Bolivian parents,
as well as persons who provide military service to Bolivia at the required age and according to
Law;31 or that service the country in the National Legislative Assembly.
It leaves open that the established time of residency for naturalisation may vary in cases
where reciprocal agreements with other states exist, prioritising Latin Americans.
Uninterrupted residence according to the legislation is an important factor for foreigners
to acquire Bolivian nationality. These people must be legally in the country, and fulfil the
requirements established by the legislation.
It establishes that this permanence must be under the guardianship of the State, that is
to say, it must be legal, with an authorised visa to reside in the country, which must have been
processed before migration.
Foreigners must explicitly and voluntarily express that they wish to acquire Bolivian
nationality and comply with the requirements established in the Migration Law, of 8 May 2013
and its Supreme Decree No. 1923, of 13 March 2014.
Regretfully, Bolivia is still a country in which one encounters huge bureaucracy in the
realisation of any procedure. In order to be able to naturalise, a series of requirements must be
met, which means that foreigners find themselves with one impediment after another, as the
requirements are extensive and depend on other instances to which they must previously turn.
Naturalisation by permanence32 is processed before the central office or before the
departmental administrations of the General Directorate of Migration, habilitated by means of
28
Constituciones, 1826, 1831, 1834, 1939, 1843, 1880, 1961, 1967, 1994,2004.
Decreto Supremo 216
30
Constitución Política del Estado 2009
31
Decreto Supremo reglamentario Nº 1923
32
Decreto Supremo reglamentario Nº 1923 Art. 20 parágrafo II
29
RSCAS/GLOBALCIT-CR 2020/2 - © 2020 Author
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